စားအံုးဆီ(EDIABLE OIL)

စားသံုးဆီ (Ediable Oil) ေန႔စဥ္ ေၾကာ္ေလွာ္ ခ်က္ျပဳတ္ေသာ မီးဖိုေခ်ာင္တို႔၌ ဆီသည္ မ်ားေသာ အားျဖင့္ ပါေလရာ စားေသာက္ကုန္ တစ္မ်ဳိး ျဖစ္ေကာင္း ျဖစ္ႏိုင္ပါသည္။

အမ်ဳိး အမည္ေပါင္း မ်ားစြာေသာ အပင္တို႔၏ ဆီထြက္ႏိုင္ေသာ အစိတ္အပိုင္း မွန္သမွ် အဆီ ဓာတ္ကို ထုတ္ယူ ႏိုင္ပါသည္။ သို႔ေသာ္ လက္ေတြ႕တြင္ ဆီကို အေစ့၊ အဆံမွ ထုတ္ယူစား သံုး ေလ့ရွိသည္။ အသီးအရြက္ အဆီႏွင့္ ဆီမ်ား (Vegetable fats and Oils) တုိင္းကို စားသံုး၍ ရခ်င္မွ ရသည္။ သုိ႔ေသာ္ျငား လည္း အဆိုပါ ဆီအခ်ဳိ႕ကို စက္ဆီ၊ သေဘၤာေဆး၊ အလွ ကုန္၊ ေဆး၀ါးႏွင့္ အျခားေသာ စက္မႈ လုပ္ငန္းမ်ားတြင္ သံုးႏိုင္ ၾကသည္။ လူတိုင္းအပင္မွ အဆီ ထုတ္တတ္ခဲ့ေၾကာင္း သက္ေသ သာဓက အျဖစ္ လြန္ခဲ့ေသာ ႏွစ္ေပါင္း ၄၀၀၀ မွ ေရွးေဟာင္း ပစၥည္းမ်ား တူးေဖာ္ ေတြ႕ရွိျခင္းျဖင့္ သိႏိုင္ခဲ့ပါသည္။ ထုိ႔ျပင္ စားသံုး ေသာဆီမ်ား အျဖစ္ ဖြဲႏုဆီ၊ ပဲပုပ္ဆီ၊ အုန္းဆီ၊ မုန္ညႇင္းဆီ၊ သံလြင္ဆီ၊ ေျပာင္းဆီ၊ ေနၾကာဆီ၊ ၀ါေစ့ဆီ၊ စားအုန္း ဆီ၊ ႏွမ္းဆီႏွင့္ ေျမပဲဆီစသည္ တို႔ကို အမ်ဳိးအမည္ ခြဲျခားႏိုင္ပါသည္။ သို႔ေသာ္ အမ်ဳိးမ်ဳိး အဖံုဖံု အသုံး တည့္လွေသာ ဆီမ်ားကို အုပ္စု ခြဲျခားၾကည့္လွ်င္မူ အဆီမ်ားတြင္

(က) အသီးအႏွံမွ ရေသာ စားသံုးဆီ အမ်ဳိးမ်ဳိး၊ (ႏွမ္းဆီ၊ ေျမပဲဆီ၊ စားအုန္းဆီ၊ ဖြဲႏုဆီ၊ ေနၾကာဆီ၊ ပန္းႏွမ္းဆီ၊ မုန္ညႇင္း ဆီစသည္မ်ား.....)

(ခ) တိရစၦာန္မွရေသာ အဆီမ်ား (ေထာပတ္ဆီ၊ အမဲဆီ၊ ၀က္ဆီ၊ ငါးဆီ၊ စသည္မ်ား....) ဟူ၍ ရွိေၾကာင္း သိႏိုင္ပါသည္။ ထို႔ေၾကာင့္ အဆီႏွင့္ဆီ (fats & oils) ကို အသံုးခ်ရန္ အတြက္ အမ်ဳိးမ်ဳိး အဖံုဖံု သုေတသန ျပဳလာၾကရာ ဆပ္ျပာ၊ အသားအေရ ထိန္းေဆး၊ ဖေယာင္းတိုင္၊ ေရေမႊး၊ အျခား တစ္ကိုယ္ေရ သံုးပစၥည္းမ်ား ကဲ့သို႔ အလွကုန္ ေဆး၀ါး၊ လူသံုးကုန္ ပစၥည္းမ်ားႏွင့္ ေလာင္ စာ(fuel) တြင္ပါ မက်န္ ပါ၀င္ပစၥည္း ျဖစ္လာခဲ့သည္။ လူခႏၶာကိုယ္ အတြက္ အင္အားကို အဆီ ဓာတ္ (fats)၊ ကစီဓာတ္ (Carbohydrates)ႏွင့္ ပ႐ိုတိန္းဓာတ္ (Proteins)တို႔မွ ရရွိပါသည္။ ယင္း တြင္ အဆီ ဓာတ္ကို တိရစၦာန္ထြက္ အစားအစာမ်ားႏွင့္ ဆီထြက္ သီးႏွံမ်ားမွ ရရွိသည္။ အဆီဓာတ္သည္ ကစီဓာတ္ႏွင့္ ပ႐ိုတိန္း ဓာတ္မ်ားထက္ ကယ္လိုရီကို ပိုမိုေပးပါသည္။ အဘယ္ေၾကာင့္ ဆိုေသာ္ အဆီဓာတ္ တစ္ဂရမ္ စားသံုးပါက (၉) ကယ္လိုရီ ရေသာ္လည္း ကစီဓာတ္ႏွင့္ ပ႐ိုတိန္း ဓာတ္ကို တစ္ဂရမ္စီ စားသံုးလွ်င္ (၄) ကယ္လိုရီသာ ရႏိုင္ပါသည္။ အခ်ဳိ႕ေသာ အဆီမ်ား တြင္ ေပ်ာ္၀င္ေနေသာ ဗီတာမင္မ်ားကို အူမွ စုပ္ယူႏိုင္ေရး အတြက္ ဆီကို စားသံုးရန္ လိုအပ္ေၾကာင္းလည္း ဆိုၾက၏။ စားသံုးဆီမ်ားကို ျပည့္၀အဆီ (Saturated Oil) ႏွင့္ ျပည့္၀ မဟုတ္ေသာ အဆီ (Unstaurated Oil) ဟူ၍ ခြဲျခားႏုိင္သည္။ တစ္ဖန္ ျပည့္၀ မဟုတ္ေသာ အဆီကို ေပါင္းစုအဆီ (Poly Unsaturated Oil) ႏွင့္ တစ္မယ္တည္း အဆီ (Mono Unsaturated Oil) ဟူ၍ ႏွစ္မ်ဳိး ထပ္မံခြဲျခား ထားျပန္သည္။ ျပည့္၀အဆီတြင္ တိရစၦာန္မွ ရေသာ အဆီ၊ ေထာပတ္၊ အုန္းဆီႏွင့္ စားအုန္းဆီတို႔ ပါ၀င္ၿပီး စားသံုး၍ လြန္ကဲလွ်င္ က်န္းမာ ေရးကို ထိခိုက္ႏိုင္သည္။ စားသံုးရန္ သင့္ေတာ္ေသာ အဆီျဖစ္သည့္ ျပည့္၀ မဟုတ္ေသာ အဆီ (Unsaturated Oil) အမ်ဳိးအစား ေပါင္းစံုအဆီ (Poly Unsaturated Oil) ဆိုသည္မွာ လည္း ေျပာင္းဖူး ဆီ၊ ပဲပိစပ္ဆီ၊ ေနၾကာဆီ၊ ႏွမ္းဆီစသည္ တုိ႔ျဖစ္ေသာေၾကာင့္ စားသံုးေန ၾကၿမဲပင္ ျဖစ္သည္။ဤတြင္ ျပည့္၀ မဟုတ္ေသာ အဆီ အမ်ဳိးအစား၀င္ တစ္မယ္တည္း အဆီ (Mono Unsaturated Oil) ျဖစ္ေသာ သံလြင္ဆီႏွင့္ ေျမပဲဆီတို႔မွာ လူတို႔စားသံုးရန္ အသင့္ ေတာ္ဆံုးဆီမ်ားျဖစ္ေၾကာင္း က်န္းမာေရးပညာရွင္ မ်ားက ၫႊန္ျပၾကသည္။ သုိ႔ျဖစ္လွ်င္ စားအုန္းဆီသည္ ပဲဆီထက္ ျပည့္၀ အဆီ ပါ၀င္ႏႈန္းႏွစ္ဆ ေက်ာ္ျမင့္မား ေသာေၾကာင့္ သာမန္ အိမ္ေထာင္စု မ်ားႏွင့္ ေရာင္းတန္း၀င္ စားေသာက္ကုန္ ဆိုင္မ်ားတြင္ ခ်င့္ခ်ိန္သံုးစြဲၾကရန္ လုိသည္။ သို႔ေသာ္ စားအုန္းဆီသည္ စားေသာက္ကုန္ အမွတ္တံဆိပ္မွ ထည့္သြင္း ပစၥည္း အမယ္ စာရင္းတြင္ ထည့္သြင္းျခင္း၊ စားအုန္းဆီ စားသံုးမႈ ျမင့္တက္ မ်ားျပားလာျခင္း၊ လူဦးေရ မ်ားမ်ားႏွင့္ စားေသာက္ကုန္ အခ်ဳိ႕တြင္ စားအုန္းဆီ၏ ၾသဇာ သက္ေရာက္ ေနမႈေၾကာင့္ က်န္းမာေရးကို စိုးရိမ္ေသာ လူမ်ားက ယင္းဆီကို ဖိအားေပး လာၾကသည္။ တစ္ဖန္ ျပည့္၀အဆီ (Saturated Oil) အားလံုးလိုလိုသည္ ကိုလက္စထေရာ ဆိုးက်ဳိးကို မေပး ေၾကာင္းလည္း စမ္းသပ္ ေတြ႕ရွိၾကသည္။ ယင္းတြင္ လူကို ေကာင္းက်ဳိးေပးေသာ ကိုလက္ စထေရာ (H.D.L) ႏွင့္ ဆိုးက်ဳိးေပးေသာ ကိုလက္စထေရာ (L.D.L) ဟူ၍ရွိရာ စားအုန္းဆီ စားသံုးမႈသည္ အျခားျပည့္၀ အဆီမ်ား ျဖစ္သည့္ အုန္းဆီ၊ ႏို႔၊ တိရစၦာန္အဆီမ်ား ႏွင့္ ႏိႈင္းယွဥ္လွ်င္ ေသြးထဲမွ ကိုလက္စထေရာ နည္းပါးပါသည္ဟု စမ္းသပ္မႈ အစီရင္ခံစာ အခ်ဳိ႕က ေဖာ္ျပၾကျပန္သည္။ ထုိ႔ျပင္ စားအုန္းဆီတြင္ ပါ၀င္သည့္ ပါမစ္တစ္အက္ဆစ္ (Palmitic Acid) က အျခား ျပည့္၀အဆီမ်ားႏွင့္ မတူဘဲ ကိုလက္စထေရာအဆင့္ ကိုမွ်ေစသည္ ဟူ၍လည္း ဆိုၾက၏။ ဆီစားသံုးမႈတြင္ ျပည့္၀အဆီ (Saturated fat)သည္ က်န္းမာေရး အတြက္ မသင့္ေလ်ာ္ေၾကာင္း၊ ပံုေျပာင္းအဆီ (Trans fat) သည္ လူကိုအႏၲရာယ္ေပး တတ္ေၾကာင္း၊ ျပည့္၀ မဟုတ္ေသာအဆီ (Unsaturated fat) ကို စားသံုး သင့္၍ တစ္မယ္တည္းအဆီ (Mono Unsaturated Oil) ကိုသာ ဦးစားေပး၍စားသံုးသင့္ေၾကာင္း ဓာတ္ခြဲ ပညာရွင္မ်ား က ေတြ႕ရွိခဲ့ၾကေသာ္လည္း သေဘာထား ကြဲလြဲမႈ အနည္းငယ္ရွိခဲ့သည္။ အခ်ဳိ႕က ခ်က္ျပဳတ္ ေၾကာ္ေလွာ္ရာတြင္ ဆီသည္ မရွိမျဖစ္ လိုအပ္သည္ဟု ဆိုၾကေသာ္လည္း အခ်ဳိ႕က ဆီကို ေရွာင္ၾကဥ္ သင့္သည္ဟု သေဘာထားခဲ့ၾကသည္။ F.D.A အဖြဲ႕အစည္းကမူ အဆီစားသံုးလွ်င္ ကယ္လိုရီ နည္းနည္း (သုိ႔) ပါ၀င္မႈ ၃၀% သာ စားသံုးသင့္ သည္ဟု ေထာက္ခံခ်က္ ေပးၾက သည္။ အျခား အာဟာရဓာတ္ ပညာရွင္မ်ားက ၫႊန္းရာတြင္ လူ တစ္ေယာက္အေနျဖင့္ အဆီ ကရသည့္ ကယ္လိုရီကို ၁၀% ထက္မပိုသင့္ဟု ဆိုၾကျပန္သည္။ သို႔ျဖင့္ ဆီ စားသံုးမႈ လြန္ကဲလွ်င္ အသည္းအဆီဖံုးျခင္း၊ ႏွလံုး ေသြးေၾကာက်ဥ္းျခင္း၊ ႏွလံုးေရာဂါႏွင့္ ကင္ဆာ ေရာဂါကို အားေပးျခင္းဟူေသာ ဆိုးက်ဳိးမ်ားကို ရႏိုင္ေၾကာင္း က်န္းမာေရးအသိ မ်ားရွိခဲ့ၾက သည္။ လူတုိ႔အ တြက္ ေန႔စဥ္အာဟာရဓာတ္ လုိအပ္ခ်က္တြင္ ဆီသည္လည္း တစ္ခုအပါအ၀င္ ျဖစ္ပါသည္။ သုိ႔ေသာ္ ဆီစားသုံးမႈမ်ားျပားပါက က်န္းမာေရးကုိထိခုိက္ႏုိင္ၿပီး အသည္းအဆီ ဖံုးျခင္း၊ ႏွ လံုးေသြးေၾကာ က်ဥ္းျခင္း၊ ႏွလံုးေရာဂါႏွင့္ ကင္ဆာေရာဂါကို အားေပးျခင္း စသည့္ ဆုိးက်ိဳးမ်ား ျဖစ္ေပၚေစႏုိင္သျဖင့္ “တန္ေဆး၊ လြန္ေဘး”ဆုိသည့္ ျမန္မာ စကားပုံအတိုင္း ခ်င့္ခ်ိန္ စားသုံးၾကရန္ လုိအပ္ ပါေၾကာင္း တင္ျပ အပ္ပါသည္။

 

Ref;myawady

နားထဲကိုေရ သို႔မဟုတ္ဆီထည့္လွ်င္ နားမႈိစြဲသည့္ေရာဂါျဖစ္ႏိုင္

ရာသီဥတု ပူျပင္းတာေၾကာင့္ နားဆီ ခန္းေျခာက္တယ္ ထင္ၿပီး နားထဲကို ေရ ဒါမွမဟုတ္ ဆီတစ္မ်ိဳးမ်ိဳး ထည့္တာက နားမိႈစဲြ ေရာဂါအျပင္ နားကိုက္တာပါ ျဖစ္ႏိုင္ပါတယ္။

နားဆီက နားျပြန္ထဲမွာ ရိွသလို နားထဲမွာ အဆီက်ိတ္ေတြနဲ႔ နားဖာေခ်း ထုတ္တဲ့ အက်ိတ္ေတြလည္း ရိွပါတယ္။ အက်ိတ္ေတြက ရာသီဥတု ပူလာရင္ အဆီ ေျခာက္တတ္ပါတယ္။

ရာသီဥတု ပူတဲ့အခ်ိန္ေတြမွာ နားထဲကေန နားဖာေခ်း အေျခာက္ေလးေတြ ခါတိုင္းထက္ ပိုထြက္ လာတတ္ပါတယ္။ အဲသည္လို အခ်ိန္မ်ိဳးေတြမွာ နားက်ပ္တာ၊ နားကေလာ္တာ၊ နားထဲကို ေရ၊ ဆီ၊ နားနဲ႔ ပတ္သက္တဲ့ တျခား ေဆးရည္ေတြ ထည့္တာမ်ိဳး မျပဳလုပ္ သင့္ပါဘူး။ ပူျပင္းတဲ့ ရာသီမွာ နားထဲက အဆီေတြက ေျခာက္ေသြ႕တတ္ေပမယ့္ ခန္းတယ္လို႔ေတာ့ မရိွပါဘူး။ နားျပြန္ထဲမွာ အလိုအေလ်ာက္ သန္႔ရွင္းေရးလုပ္တဲ့ စနစ္လည္း ရိွပါတယ္။

အဲသည္စနစ္က အတြင္းပိုင္း ေရာက္သြားတဲ့ အမႈန္အမႊားေတြကို သယ္ထုတ္ ေပးပါတယ္။ သည္စနစ္က ႏူးညံ့တာေၾကာင့္ နားကေလာ္ရင္ ပ်က္သြား တတ္ပါတယ္။ သန္႔ရွင္းေရးစနစ္ ပ်က္သြားရင္ နားဖာေခ်းေတြ အျပင္ကို မထြက္ေတာ့ဘဲ အတြင္းပိုင္းမွာ စုေနတတ္တာေၾကာင့္ နားဖာေခ်း ပိတ္တဲ့ ျပႆနာေတြ ျဖစ္တတ္ပါတယ္။ တခ်ိဳ႕လူေတြမွာေတာ့ နားဖာေခ်း လံုး၀ မရိွေတာ့ တာေတြလည္း ျဖစ္တတ္ပါတယ္။ နားကေလာ္ပါ မ်ားရင္၊ နားက်ပ္ပါ မ်ားရင္ နားထဲမွာရိွတဲ့ အဆီေတြ ထြက္မလာ တတ္ေတာ့ပါဘူး။

အဲသည္အခါမ်ိဳး ေတြမွာ နားေျခာက္ တတ္ပါတယ္။ နားေျခာက္လာတဲ့ အခါ နားထဲဖုန္၀င္ရင္ နားအရမ္းယားၿပီး တစ္ေန႔တည္း ေလးငါးခါ နားက်ပ္တာမ်ိဳးေတြ ျပဳလုပ္လာတတ္ၾကပါတယ္။ နားယားတဲ့ ေ၀ဒနာကို သက္သာဖို႔ ေတြ႕ကရာ တုတ္ေတြ၊ စကၠဴေတြ၊ ခ်ိတ္ေတြနဲ႔ နားက်ပ္ပါ မ်ားလာရင္ နားမိႈစဲြတဲ့ ေရာဂါန႔ဲ နားကိုက္ ေရာဂါပါ ခံစား လာရတတ္ပါတယ္။

“နားယားလာလို႔ တရားလြန္ နားက်ပ္တာမ်ိဳး၊ နားပင္းေလာက္တဲ့ အထိ နားက်ပ္တာမ်ိဳး မလုပ္သင့္ဘူး။ နားစည္ ေပါက္သြားမယ္ ဆိုရင္ နားေလး သြားတတ္ပါတယ္။ နားမိႈစဲြတာတို႔၊ နားကိုက္ လာတာတို႔ ျဖစ္ၿပီဆိုရင္ ကၽြမ္းက်င္တဲ့ ဆရာ၀န္နဲ႔ ေသခ်ာျပသ သင့္တယ္”လို႔ အထူးကု ဆရာ၀န္ ေဒါက္တာ ဦး၀င္း ထိုက္ၾကည္က ေျပာပါတယ္။

(ကုမုျဒာ)

Ref:myawady

 

ဲျမန္မာစာ ျမန္မာစကား ကမၻာသိေအာင္လုပ္က်ဆို႔!

Credit@ Ko Nge

အခုႏွစ္ေတြမွာ ႏုိင္ငံျခားသားေတြ ပါးစပ္ဖ်ားထဲမွာ ျမန္မာဆိုတဲ့အသံေလးေတြကို ေတာ္ေတာ္မ်ားမ်ား ေျပာဆိုေနက်တာကို သင္တို႔သတိထားမိက်ပါလိမ့္မယ္၊ လြန္ခဲ့တဲ့၃-၄ႏွစ္တုန္းကဆို ျမန္မာလို႔ေျပာရင္ ဘယ္ကလဲ? ဘယ္ႏိုင္ငံလဲ? Burma ဆိုတာရွင္းျပရ Burmese ဆိုတာေလာက္ဘဲသိက်တာပါ၊ အခုလဲ ႏိုင္ငံျခားသားေတြ ေတာ္ေတာ္မ်ားမ်ားကိုကစိတ္၀င္စားလာက်ၿပီး ျမန္မာစာႏွင့္ စကားေတြကို ေတာ္ေတာ္ကိုေလ့လာလုိက္စား သင္ယူေမးျမန္းလာက်တာကိုေတြ႔ျမင္လာ၍ ဂုဏ္ယူစရာျဖစ္ပါေၾကာင္း၊  အခုလိုျမန္မာစာႏွင့္စကားေတြကို အဂၤလိပ္လိ္ုအသံထြက္ေလယူေလသိမ္းေလးေတြကလဲ ႏိုင္ငံျခားသား ေတြ အတြက္ေတာ့အသံထြက္ အမွန္ရေစဖို႔  အလြန္တရာမွအေရးႀကီးတဲ့အခ်ိန္ေရာက္ေနၿပီျဖစ္ေၾကာင္း အသိေပးလိုက္ရပါတယ္! တတ္ကၽႊမ္းတဲ့ျမန္မာစာပါရဂူေတြျပဳစုေရးထားတာကိုေလ့လာလို႔ရေအာင္ တင္ေပး လိုက္ပါတယ္!

 

 

 

 

 

 iphone ရဲ႕ itune မွာလဲ Lean Myamar full version ကို U$9.98 ေရာင္းေပးေနပါတယ္

 

 

 

 

 

 

Burmese Phonetics – IPA Converter

 

• The Burmese phonetic input needs to follow the standard set by Myanmar Language Commission.
• Add “dash”(-) symbol in the place of half tune(အသံဝက်). This is not in the standard but to save my lazy coding.
• Full set of Burmese Phonetic – IPA list compiled by me is available here.
• Burmese Phonetic guide is available here. You can easily find it in every Burmese dictionary front pages.

ဒီ အသံထြက္ေတြက Myanmar၃ ေဖာ့ႏွင့္ေရးမွအဆင္ေျပတာပါ ေဇာ္ဂ်ီႏွင့္ အဆင္မေျပပါဘူး!

Burmese script

Origin

The Burmese or Myanmar script developed from the Mon script, which was adapted from a southern Indian script during the 8th century. The earliest known inscriptions in the Burmese script date from the 11th century.

Notable Features

• Type of writing system: syllabic alphabet - each letter has an inherent vowel [a]. Other vowels sounds are indicated using separate letters or diacritics which appear above, below, in front of, after or around the consonant.
• The rounded appearance of letters is a result of the use of palm leaves as the traditional writing material. Straight lines would have torn the leaves. The Burmese name for the script is ca-lonh 'round script'.
• Burmese is a tonal language with three main tones (high, low and creaky) and two other tones (stopped and reduced). The tones are indicated in writing using diacritics or special letters.

Used to write:

Burmese/Myanmar, a member of the Burmese-Lolo group of the Sino-Tibetan language spoken by about 21 million people in Burma (Myanmar).

The Karen languages, a group of languages related to Burmese and spoken by around 4 million people in Burma and Thailand.

Mon, a member of the Mon-Khmer group of the Austroasiatic languages spoken by about 200,000 people in Burma and Thailand.

Consonants

Vowels and vowel diacritics

Regular Rhymes

Numerals

Sample Text in Burmese

လူတိုင္းသည္ တူညီလြတ္လပ္ေသာဂုဏ္သိကၡာျဖင့္၄င္း၊တူညီလြတ္လပ္ေသာအခြင့္အေရးမ်ားျဖင့္၄င္း၊ေမြးဖြားလာသူမ်ားျဖစ္သည္။

ထိုသူတို႔၌ ပိုင္းျခားေ၀ဖန္တတ္ေသာဥာဏ္ႏွင့္ က်င့္၀တ္သိတတ္ေသာစိတ္တို႔ရွိက်၍ ထိုသူတို႔သည္ အခ်င္းခ်င္း မေတတာထား၍ ဆက္ဆံက်င့္သံုးသင့္၏။

Translation

All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.

(Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights)

Tower of Babel in Burmese | Useful phrases in Burmese

Burmese language learning materials

Links

Information about the Burmese language

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burmese_alphabet

Online Burmese lessons

http://www.seasite.niu.edu/Burmese/

http://salika.com/burmese/learnbur.html

http://www.youtube.com/user/BurmeseLanguage

http://www.glovico.org/en/burmese

 

Ref:omniglot

 

Burmese phrasebook

Burmese (ျမန္‌မားစကား mien ma za ga) is the official and primary language of Myanmar. It is closely related to Tibetan, and distantly related to Chinese. The government uses the term "Myanmar" to describe the language, although most continue to refer to the language as "Burmese".

 Phrase list

Negations Burmese, when negating verbs, uses two of the following structures: ma + ____ + bu used to mean that the verb was not accomplished. Example: Nei ma kaing bu, which means "You did not touch it". ma + ____ + neh used to mean that the verb must not be accomplished. Example: Nei ma kaing neh, which means "You do not touch it."

Basics

Common signs OPEN CLOSED ENTRANCE EXIT PUSH PULL TOILET MEN WOMEN FORBIDDEN

Hello.

မဂၤလာပါ။ (Min ga la ba.)

Hello. (informal)

(Nei kaung la?)

How are you?

ေနေကာင္းလာ။ (Nei kaon la?)

Fine, thank you.

ေနေကာင္းပါတယ္။ (Ne kaon ba de)

What is your name?

? (na mal bal loe kall lal?)

My name is ______ .

______ . (Kya nau na mee _____ ba.)

Nice to meet you.

. (Twe ya da wanta ba de)

Please.

. (Kyeizu pyu yue )

Thank you.

ေက်းဇူးတန္ပါတယ္။ (Kyeizu tin ba de.)

You're welcome.

ရပါတယ်။ (Ya ba de.)

Yes.

ဟုတ္တယ္။ (Ho de.)

No.

. မဟုတ္ဘူ။(Ma ho bu.)

Excuse me. (getting attention)

ခင္ဗဵာ? (Ka mya?)

Excuse me. (begging pardon)

. ( )

I'm sorry.

. (taung pan par tal)

Goodbye

. သြာေတာ့မယ္။(Thwa dau mal)

Goodbye (informal)

. (Thwa dau mal)

I can't speak name of language [well].

[ ]. ( [ba ma za ga go [kaung-kaung] ma pyaw thet bu.])

Do you speak English?

? ( in glei za ga go pyaw thet de la?)

Is there someone here who speaks English?

? (In glei za-ga pyaw thet de lu di ma shi la?)

Help!

! (kuu nyi par ohn!)

Look out!

! (Ai ya! Kyi!)

Good morning.

. (Mingalabar )

Good night (to sleep)

. (Eigh douh meh )

I don't know.

. က်န္ပ္းမသိဘူ။(Kya-nau ma thi bu)

I don't understand.

. က်န္ပ္းနာမလဲဘူ။(Kya-nau na ma ley bu)

Where is the toilet?

? (ein thar ka bal mhar lal)

 

Transportation

 Bus and train, ship and plane

Train
yeh-ta
Train Station
bu ta yone

Bus
ba(sa) ka

Bus Stop
ka hma tine
Bus Station
ka gey

Ship
thin bau
Port
thin bau sey

Airplane
leyin pyan
Airport
ley yein gun

Ticket
leh hma
Fare
ka

Depart/Leave
tweh
Arrive
yow

Luggage
pyit see

Directions

Over there
ho beht
Left Side
beh beht
Right Sidenya beht

Taxi

Is this taxi free?
Te ka se ahh tha la

Lodging

To Stay
theh

Bed
ga din

Restroom
ehn tha

Shower
yay cho khan

Food

asar

Money

How much is it?
Zey beh lout le?
Money
kyat

one dollar
deh kyat

two dollars
neh kyat

three dollars
thone kyat

four dollars
ley kyat

five dollars
nga kyat

six dollars
chowt kyat

seven dollars
cuni kyat

eight dollars
sheh kyat

nine dollars
coh kyat

ten dollars
se kyat

twenty dollars
neh se kyat

twenty-five dollars
neh se nga kyat
or more commonly
a sait

fifty dollars
nga se kyat

one hundred dollars
tayar kyat

When refering to US currency, it is important to remember to say "dollar" before the specified amount
For example US $50 would be "dollar nga se".

Eating

I am hungry.
Nga bite sa de.

Where do you want to go eat?
Beh sau thot sine thwa meh le?

I can only drink bottled water
Kha naw ye bu ye be thouk lo ya de

Are there any napkins (Can I have one?)
napkin she tha la

Fried foods
uh chaw sa

Noodles
cow sweh

Rice (white)
htamin

Fried rice
htamin chaw

Ice
yey ghe

Ice cream bar
yey ghe mou

Sugar
de ja

Salt
sa

MSG
a cho mout

Potato
ah lou

Vegetable
a yweh

Fruit
a thee

Banana
nguh pyaw thee

Apple
pun thee

Apple Juice
pun thee yay

Grapes
duh beh thee

Durian
doo hinh thee

Orange
lei maw thee

Chicken
chet tha

Beef
ameh tha

Goat
seit tha

Lamb
tho tha

Fish
nga

 Bars

Beer/Alcohol
ayet

Round (As in "A round of beers")
pweh

Ciggaretts
sei lait

Glass
kwut

Shopping

Store
sine

Clothes
ain gee

Pants
boun bee

Shoes
punuht

Bra
bou le

Ring
lut sout

Socks
chey sout

House
ehn

Purse/Wallet
puh sun eight

Backpack
saw ough eight

Movies
youh shin

Driving

Car
ka

Stop
yet/ho

Go/Drive
thwa/moun

Traffic Light
Mee point

 Authority

Administration
oh cho yey

Prime Minister
wan-jee cho

President
thanmada

Vice President
duteya thanmada

Military
tatmadaw

Chairman
oh ga taw

Parliament
hluttaw

Politics
nine-nga yey

 

 

 

 

Burmese-English-Burmese Online Dictionary

Now, All the world most interesting in Myanmar language'd be leaning with English phonetic pronunciation than more early and speaking probably in the world.

Burmese language wikipedia

Formal (Written)	ရွစ္ေလးလုံးအေရးအခင္း	ျဖစ္	ေသာအခါက	လူ	ဦးေရ	သုံးေထာင္	မွ်	ေသဆုံး	ခဲ့	ကြ	သည္
Colloquial (Spoken)			တုံးက		အေယာက္		ေလာက္	ေသ		-	တယ္
Gloss	noun	verb	part.	noun	part.	adj.	part.	verb	part.	part.	part.
	(The Four Eight Uprising)	(happen)	(when it occurred)	(people)	(counter word)	(three thousand)	(approx.)	(die)	(past tense)	(plural marker)	(sentence final)
Translation	When the 8888 Uprising occurred, approximately three thousand people died.

Here is a sample of loan words found in Burmese:

• suffering: ဒုကၡ ([doʊʔkʰa̰]), from Pāli dukkha
• radio: ေရဒီယို ([ɹèdìjò]), from English "radio"
• method: စနစ္ ([sənɪʔ]), from Mon
• eggroll: ေကာ္ျပန္႔ ([kɔ̀pja̰ɴ]), from Hokkien 潤餅 (jūn-piáⁿ)
• wife: ဇနီး ([zəní]), from Hindi jani
• noodle: ေခါက္ဆြဲ ([kʰaʊʔ sʰwɛ́]), from Shan ၶဝ၀္သြား ([kʰāu sʰɔi])
• foot (unit of measurement): ေပ ([pè]), from Portuguese pé
• flag: အလံ ([əlàɴ]), from Arabic علم ʕalam
• storeroom: ([ɡòdàʊɴ]), from Malay gudang

Ref:wikitravel.org

 

အေရးေပၚဘဏ္ေတြမွာေငြသားေခ်းယူျခင္း!

Credit@ Ko Nge

ႏိုင္ငံျခားေတြမွာ သင္အေရးတႀကီးေငြေတြလိုအပ္လာရင္  ဘယ္အေပါင္းအသင္းဘယ္သူ ေတြဆီကမွ ေငြအလြယ္တကူ ေခ်းယူလို႔ရက်မွာမဟုတ္က်ပါဘူး! ကုမၸဏီပိုင္ရွင္သူေဌးသူငယ္ခ်င္းေတြလဲ မကယ္ႏိုင္တဲ့ အမွန္တကယ္ ျဖစ္ရပ္ေလးျပႆနာေတြႀကံဳဖူးက်မွာပါေလ....သင္မွာလုပ္ငန္းရွိသူေဌးျဖစ္ရင္ေတာ့ ေငြေခ်း လို႔ရႏိုင္ပါေသးတယ္၊(ယံုၾကည္မႈ)

ကၽႊန္ေတာ္ျမန္မာျပည္မွာကိုယ္ပိုင္လုပ္ငန္းေတြလုပ္တုန္းက စီးပြားေရးနာမည္ေကာင္းေအာင္ျမင္ ေနခ်ိန္ ေတြမွာ ေငြထုတ္ေတြအပံုလိုက္လာေပးၿပီး  သံုးခိုင္းတဲ့ျဖစ္ရပ္ေလးေတြ ႀကံဳဖူးပါတယ္၊ အဲ! စီးပြားက်လို႔နာမည္ပ်က္ရင္ကေတာ့...ေဆာ္ရီးလ္ေနာ္! ဘယ္စီးပြားဖက္ ဘယ္အေပါင္းအသင္း မိတ္ေဆြေတြမွ ေမးထူးး ေခၚေျပာေတာင္ မရွိေတာ့ပါဘူး!(အဟုတ္ပါဘဲ!)...

Money = Power

 

ဒီစကာၤပူဘဏ္ေတြက သင့္ရဲ႕လစာ၀င္ေငြ ႏွစ္စဥ္ $ ၃ေသာင္းကေန၄ေသာင္းခြဲေလာက္(လစဥ္$၂,၅၀၀-၃,၇၅၀)ရေနတဲ့ လူေတြအေနႏွင့္ Credit Card ေတြေလွ်ာက္ရတာအလြယ္တကူရတာျဖစ္လို႔ ျပႆနာမရွိေပမဲ့ ဒီထက္၀င္ေငြနည္းေနတဲ့လူေတြအတြက္က ေတာ္ေတာ္ကို၏ဒုကၡေရာက္ၿပီး ဘယ္ဘဏ္ ကမွ Credit Card ေတြ ေပးက်မွာမဟုတ္ဘူးေလ!  "ဒီ Credit Card ကလဲ ၀ယ္ျခမ္းသံုးစြဲလို႔ရေပမဲ့ ေငြသားသတ္သတ္ထုတ္ယူလို႔မရပါဘူး ဒီလို Cash ေငြသားထုတ္ခ်င္ရင္ ျပန္ေလွ်ာက္ယူရပါတယ္"...

ကဲ! အခုလိုအေရးေပၚေငြသားလိုလာရင္ေကာ? ဒီလိုျဖစ္လာရင္ ဘယ္လိုလုပ္က်မလဲ? ၁%ေပးရတဲ့ နီးစပ္ရာ အေပါင္ဆိိုင္ကိုေျပးရမလား? ဒါလဲမိမိမွာေပါင္စရာေရႊထည္လက္၀တ္လက္စားေတြရွိမွာ အဆင္ ေျပမွာပါေလ....

အဲဒီလိုဘာမွမရွိရင္ ေငြေခ်းလို႔ရတဲ့နည္းလမ္းေလးေတြ မရွိေတာ့ဘူးလား! ဘာမွာစိတ္ပူမေနပါႏွင့္ သင္ဟာSingaporeans and PRs ျဖစ္ရင္ ႏွင့္ ဘဏ္ေတြမွာ $ ၂၀,၀၀၀ကေန ၃၀,၀၀၀ ေအာက္၀င္ေငြနည္းသူ ေတြအတြက္   သင့္ရဲ႕လစဥ္လစာသာ $၁၆၆၇ သာရွိပါေစ စကာၤပူဘဏ္ေတြမွာ instalment ႏွစ္တိုႏွစ္ရွည္ အလြတ္တိုးေငြေခ်းလို႔ရပါတယ္၊ ေနာက္ၿပီး ဘဏ္ေတြမွာေတာင္းဆိုထားတဲ့လိုအပ္ခ်က္ေတြက ဘဏ္တခု ႏွင့္တခုမတူပါဘူး...

• Age 21 and above....

1-    NRIC for Singaporeans and Singapore PRs or

       EP/WP employment pass/work permit or student pass and passport for foreigners

2-    Income documents

• Latest computerised/electronic payslip (salaried employees) or;
• CPF contribution history of last 6 months (12 months for self-employed and commission-based earners) or;
• Company Letter certifying Employment and Salary.
• Latest income tax statement (2 years for self-employed and commission-based earners)......

• ဒါက စကာၤပူဘဏ္ေတြပါ...

• OCBCဘဏ္ကEasi Credit (Annual income S$20,000 and above (For customers with annual income less than $30,000, only Singaporeans can apply) Singaporeans, Singapore PRs and foreigner. သူက Easi Credit Card လိုေျပာထားတာေၾကာင့္ ၀င္ေငြနည္းတဲ့ သူေတြအတြက္ တမ်ိဳးလွည့္ၿပီး CreditCard ပံုစံေပးထားၿပီး ေငြသားကို မိမိလစဥ္၀င္ေငြ ၂ဆ ေလာက္ထိႏွင့္ လိုအပ္တဲ့အခ်ိန္မွာလိုသေလာက္ေငြေတြထုတ္ယူႏိုင္ၿပီး က်သင့္အတိုးေပးရတာပါ၊ ဒါေၾကာင့္လဲအတိုးေတြပိုမ်ားေနတာကိုေတြ႔ရပါလိမ့္မယ္၊အတိုးကေတာ့၂၉.၈% (၂၀,၀၀၀<၃၀,၀၀၀ေအာက္)  ႏွင့္  ၁၇.၉၅%(>၃၀,၀၀၀ထက္)ကေနယူထားပါတယ္၊ ၅ႏွစ္ထိေခ်းေပးပါတယ္၊
• ေနာက္ၿပီး ေစ်း၀ယ္လို႔ ေငြ ၅၀၀ေက်ာ္ရင္ အတိုးမေပးရဘဲ  ေဆာင္ရြက္ခ ၃%ႏႈန္းသာေပးရ ေသာ Interest free Monthly instalments Plan ဆိုတဲ့ ၃လ၊၆လႏွင့္၁၂လထိ လစဥ္အရစ္က်ပံုေသေငြေပးေခ်တဲ့နည္းေလးေတြႏွင့္ေစ်း၀ယ္လို႔လဲရပါေသးတယ္! တပတ္လံုး တနလၤာေန႔ကေန တနဂၤေႏြေန႔ထိ ပိတ္ရက္မရွိဖြင့္ထားေပးတဲ့တခုတည္းေသာဘဏ္ျဖစ္ပါတယ္.....

• ဒီမွာေလွ်ာက္ၾကည့္လိမ့္ပါေနာ္....

• Stretch your bills into interest-free monthly instalments

  For purchases of S$500 and above

  • Repay any of your local, overseas or online purchases with monthly instalments
  • Fixed monthly payments over a period of 3, 6 or 12 months....

  How to apply.......

• POSB ဘဏ္ကPOSB loan assist (Singapore Citizens and Permanent Residents: S$20,000 & aboveand Foreigners with Employment Passes: S$45,000 & above)
• ဒီ POSB/DBS Loan Assist & Cash line က လိုခ်င္တဲ့ ေငြသား$၃,၀၀၀-၅,၀၀၀ထိကို Fixတခါတည္းေခ်းယူ၍ အတိုးေတြႏုတ္ယူၿပီး ဘယ္ႏွစ္ႏွစ္ျပန္ဆပ္မလဲဆိုတာတြက္ထားေပးပါတယ္? 
• OCBC Easi Credit ႏွင့္မတူပါဘူးဆိုတာကို ေတြ႔ရပါတယ္.... Credit ပံုစံမဟုတ္ပါဘူး! Cash ေငြသားသက္သက္အလြတ္တခါထဲထုတ္ေခ်းတာပါ...အတိုးကေတာ့၂၅.၄၁%(၂၀,၀၀၀<၃၀,၀၀၀)ႏွင့္ ၁၈.၄၈%(>၃၀,၀၀၀)ကေနစယူထားပါတယ္၊ ၅ႏွစ္ထိေခ်းေပးပါတယ္၊

• UOB Credit Cards Personal Loan ဘဏ္ရဲ႕ေတာင္းဆိုခ်က္က ၀င္ေငြ$ ၃,၀၀၀၀ မွာစေပးပါတယ္....(Singapore Citizens and Permanent Residents: S$30,000 & above and Foreigners with Employment Passes: S$60,000) သူကေတာ့ေတာင္းထားတာမ်ားေတာ့ အတိုးလဲသက္သာပါတယ္၊ ၁၅.၄၄%ကေနစယူထားပါတယ္၊ ၅ႏွစ္ထိေခ်းေပးပါတယ္၊

• ႏိုင္ငံျခားဘဏ္ေတြကေတာ့....

• Citi ဘဏ္ကReady Credit Smart Cash!(Singapore Citizens and Permanent Residents: S$20,000 and less than S$30,000 For Singaporeans and PRs only)

• Standardchartered ဘဏ္က EZY Cash (Singapore Citizens and Permanent Residents: S$20,000 & above and  Foreigners with Employment Passes: S$60,000)  ...ေတြကိုေလွ်ာက္လို႔ရပါေသးတယ္လို႔ေျပာခ်င္ပါတယ္၊

အဲ! တျခားဘဏ္ေတြမွာလဲ ရွိပါေသးတယ္၊ ရွာၾကည့္လိုက္က်ပါအံုးေနာ္!....

ဒီမွာ အတိုးယူပံုယူနည္းေတြလဲ နည္းနည္းဆီကြာျခားၿပီးဘဏ္တခုႏွင့္တခုမတူပါဘူး! ....

ဒီလိုေငြေခ်းၿပီးအလြတ္တိုးယူတာက OCBC ဘဏ္က ႏွစ္စဥ္၀င္ေငြ $၂၀,၀၀၀ႏွင့္ ၂၉,၉၉၉မွာ ႏွစ္စဥ္၂၉.၈%(လစဥ္၂.၄၉%)ယူပါတယ္၊ ၀င္ေငြ$၃၀,၀၀၀အထက္ရွိရင္ေတာ့၁၇.၉%(လစဥ္၁.၅%)ေလာက္ဘဲ ယူပါတယ္၊ ဒီမွာသတိထားၾကည့္လိုက္ရင္ ဘဏ္ေတြအားလံုးႏွစ္ရွည္(၅)ႏွစ္ထိ အလြတ္ေငြေခ်းေပးတာ ေၾကာင့္အျပင္ကအေပါင္ဆိုင္ေတြထက္ လပိုမ်ားေနၿပီး၊အလြတ္တိုးယူထားတဲ့အတိုးမ်ားေနတာကို ေတြ႔ရပါ လိမ့္မယ္၊(ပံုမွန္၀င္ေငြနဲရင္ အတိုးကိုမ်ားမ်ားယူထားတာကလဲ ေငြျပန္မဆပ္ ႏိုင္မွာဆိုးၿပီး ပိုစြန္႔စားရလို႔ႏွင့္တူပါတယ္)....

ကၽႊန္ေတာ္လဲအမိျမန္မာျပည္မွာ ဘိုးဘြားပိုင္ကိုယ္ပိုင္အေပါင္ဆိုင္ ၁၀ႏွစ္ ေလာက္ အေတြအႀကံဳအရ မရွိဆင္းရဲတဲ့သူေတြေလာက္ဘဲလာေပါင္က်တာပါ၊ ဒါေၾကာင့္ အတိုးပိုရတဲ့ဆင္းရဲသားေတြမွာဘဲ အတိုးကို ႏွင့္ေအာင္ယူထားတာကိုး! ဒါေၾကာင့္ အဓိကရည္ရြယ္ခ်က္က ပံုမွန္၀င္ေငြနည္းတဲ့ လူတန္းစားေတြကို ေငြေခ်းလို႔ရေအာင္လုပ္ထားတာကိုး! ဒီမွာၾကည့္လိုက္ရင္ဘဏ္ေတြမွာ မိမိCustomerေတြရေအာင္ ဘဏ္ ေတြ ဘယ္လိုကစားထားတာကိုၾကည့္လိုက္ပါအံုး!

 

 

• OCBC Easi Credit Card!

Flexible Repayment (EasiCredit)

An account that gives you standby cash

You have the flexibility to choose how long and how much to repay the amount you borrow.

Easy access to cash anytime via ATM or cheque

Pay interest only on your outstanding amount at the end of each month

Borrow up to 6x your monthly salary

Take as long as you need to pay back outstanding amount

Apply at Any OCBC branch to get approval and cash in 3 minutes

Eligibility

• Age 21 and above
• Annual income S$20,000 and above (For customers with annual income less than $30,000, only Singaporeans can apply)
• Singaporeans, Singapore PRs and foreigners

How to apply

How cash in 3 minutes works

How EasiCredit Works

Access your cash loan directly by ATM or cheque

Maximum amount you can borrow

Interest rates

EasiCredit allows you to make flexible repayments with a minimum repayment of as low as 3% a month. You can take as long as you need to make repayments.

If your income is
S$20,000 - S$29,999

Effective interest rate

29.8

%

EIR a year

Monthly minimum repayment

5

%

of outstanding
amount

or

S$

50

whichever is
higher

If your income is
S$30,000 or more

Effective interest rate

17.95

%

EIR a year

Monthly minimum repayment

3

%

of outstanding
amount

or

S$

50

whichever is
higher

Special promotion
for new EasiCredit customers

As low as 0% a year with a one-time fee of 1.8% ( EIR 3.87% ) for the first 6 months with Balance Transfer

More details

Consolidate your outstanding debts from other banks on lower interest rates with Balance Transfer.

EasiCredit Balance Transfer

0% a year( EIR 3.87% )

for the first 6 months with a one-time fee of 1.8%

Calculate Interest Savings

Terms and conditions

Fees & charges

Annual fee	S$80 (waived for the first year if annual income is S$30,000 and above)
Minimum interest charge	S$5
Returned cheque	S$40 per cheque
Stop cheque via branch / call centre via online / phone banking	S$50 S$30
Late payment fee	If annual income is S$30,000 and above: S$85 – S$125* If annual income is less than S$30,000: S$80

*Subject to 25% of amount due with minimum charge of S$85 and maximum charge of S$125.
Terms and conditions


 

 

• Citi Ready Credut Smart Cash! 

Sometimes life throws sudden emergencies or a lifestyle need at you that require immediate cash. Citibank Ready Credit SmartCash provides you with that cash flow to manage those needs. With the ability to access an instalment loan, now you are able to better manage your finances to meet those needs, whilst ensuring that you enjoy maximum flexibility in managing the repayments. Apply today and repay in comfortable fixed monthly instalments of up to 36 months. OverviewBenefits & ProgramsTools & ResourcesFAQsEligibility Credit limit of up to 2X your monthly income Lower interest rate of only 1.75% per month Convenient Access ATM ATM cash withdrawal at over 1.4 million ATMs islandwide. For ATM locations click here. Cheque Enjoy the convenience of having a free chequebook, which allows you to make payments to anyone. Paylite Instalment LoanDraw a loan out of your credit line and repay in fixed monthly instalments over a tenure of up to 60 months. Learn more Funds TransferTransferring funds from your Citibank Ready Credit account to any other bank account is now only a few clicks away! You can pay anyone, locally and overseas, anytime, anywhere. Learn more Bill Payments/eNETS You no longer have to queue up or make trips to different payment counters to pay your bills. With Citibank Ready Credit, you can manage your bill payments online, securely and conveniently. Learn more Balance Transfer Transfer balances from other banks to lower your interest payments. Learn more Greater Flexibility Choose between credit line or instalment loan or a mix of both Choice of instalment tenures up to 36 months *Minimum of S$2,000 and maximum of S$15,000 (subject to your available account credit limit). Cash will be delivered by CISCO. Instant Discount Program Get excellent deals of up to 50% discount on our Instant Discount programme, which include things like school uniforms for your kids, accessories for your home, catering for any function, and even pest control for your home. Learn more Companion Card Share all the benefits and privileges with a loved one by applying for a Companion Card, and he/she will also have access to your credit line. Learn more One Bill Set this up to pay your monthly bills using your Citibank Ready Credit account. This saves you the hassle of queuing up to pay bills and gives you the convenience of consolidating your bills into one statement. Learn more Click on to expand and on to minimise the details. How do I apply for Citibank Ready Credit SmartCash? You can apply online, call 6363 6666 or visit any Citibank branch today. What are the requirements? All applicants must be aged 21 years and above. Minimal annual income for Main Applicant to qualify for: Citibank Ready Credit SmartCash S$20,000 for Singaporeans and PRs For Salaried Employee, please enclose: Past 12 months CPF statement, submitted via http://www.citibank.com.sg/cpf (Note: you will need your SingPass to gain access) Or Latest Income Tax Notice of Assessment and latest original computerized payslip For Self Employed, Commissioned or Variable Income Earner, please encloses: Last 2 years Income Tax Notice of Assessment and last 3 months bank statements What is the maximum credit limit that can be approved? The credit limit assigned to you will be up to 2 times your monthly income. For example, if your monthly income is S$3,000, you can be assigned a limit up to S$12,000 subject to approval. How do I use my Citibank SmartCash account? Citibank Ready Credit cheques You can use your Citibank Ready Credit cheques to make purchases, settle bills, deposit into your other bank accounts and handle other expenses. Citibank ATM Card You can use the Citibank ATM Card to withdraw up to $3,000 cash per day at any Citibank ATM machine as well as at the QFB Shared ATM Network* - atm5 in Singapore, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. The card also gives you worldwide access to your account through the Plus, NYCE, Star and The Exchange ATM networks when you are overseas and in need of cash. *The ATM withdrawal limit is subject to the lower of limits set by Citibank Singapore Limited or the respective Qualifying Full Banks. Funds Transfer You can transfer funds from your Citibank Ready Credit SmartCash account to your own or third party's account with Citibank or another bank. GIRO Facility You can also arrange for a GIRO facility to make payment for purchases. Paylite Instalment Loan You can draw a loan out of your credit line and repay in fixed monthly instalments over a tenure of your choice: 12, 24 or 36 months. Bill Payment Online You no longer have to queue up or make trips to different payment counters to pay your bills. With Citibank Ready Credit SmartCash, you can manage your bill payments online, securely and conveniently. Fund Transfer with a phone call You can transfer funds to another bank account by calling our 24-Hour Citiphone Banking at 6225 5225. How much can I use? You can use up to your full credit limit that has been approved. And every time you repay in part or in full of the amount you have used, your credit line gets automatically restored by that amount. This means that you can draw on your line repeatedly. For example, for a S$5,000 line, if S$2,000 is used, S$3,000 remains available for use. If S$1,000 is repaid, then what is available for use is restored to S$4,000. Are there any minimum repayments each month? You only need to pay a minimum of S$45 or 3% of the outstanding amount in the account each month, whichever is higher. How do I make the payments? You can make payments by cash or cheque either at our branches or through our ATMs. Alternatively, you can send in your cheque by post. The address to send to is Robinson Road PO Box 1272, Singapore 902522. The cheque should be made out to Citibank Ready Credit Account number X-XXXXXX-XXX You can also make payment at any of the AXS Stations. There are more than 820 AXS Stations located across Singapore and they are available 24 hours a day. Payment made on weekdays or Saturdays before 8pm will be credited into your Ready Credit account on the same day. For your greater flexibility, we also accept payments at any SAM or SAMPLUS islandwide. For more information, please click here. What must I do if I would like to repay in full what I have drawn? Please contact us at 6225-5225 to find out the exact amount outstanding in your account if you want to settle your account in full. Alternatively, you can send in your cheque by post. The address to send to is Robinson Road PO Box 1272, Singapore 902522. The cheque should be made out to Citibank Ready Credit Account number X-XXXXXX-XXX> You can also make payment at any of the AXS Stations. There are more than 650 AXS Stations located across Singapore and they are available 24 hours a day. Payment made on weekdays or Saturdays before 8pm will be credited into your Ready Credit account on the same day. How is interest calculated? As long as you have an outstanding balance in your account, interest is calculated daily based on the outstanding debit balance at the end of each day. There is a minimum interest charge of S$5.00 per month if you have any outstanding debit balance within the month. If you have excess funds in your account (i.e credit balances), interest will be paid on the balance. Interest paid is similarly calculated on a daily basis (based on the bank's prevailing savings rate) and will be credited into your account at your statement date. How do I obtain a new chequebook once my cheques run out? A new chequebook will automatically be mailed to you before your current cheques run out. If you need a chequebook urgently, please request one through Citiphone Banking at 6225-5225. Are there any fees to pay? The annual membership fees are: Main Card annual fee : S$90 Companion Card annual fee : S$45 Where are the Citibank branches & ATMs? Click here for the location of all Citibank branches and ATMs To be eligible for Citibank SmartCash: You must be aged 21 years old and above Annual income should be above S$20,000 and less than S$30,000 For Singaporeans and PRs only Existing Citibank Ready Credit and Credit Card (except for Citi Clear card) customers are not eligible. For Salaried Employee, please enclose • Past 12 months CPF statement, submitted via http://www.citibank.com.sg/cpf (Note: you will need your SingPass to gain access) Or • Latest Income Tax Notice of Assessment and latest original computerized payslip For Self Employed, Commissioned or Variable Income Earner, please encloses: • Last 2 years Income Tax Notice of Assessment and last 3 months bank statements Citibank Ready Credit SmartCash account holder/Companion will only be issued with Citibank ATM Card (with no Point-of-Sale Debit payment) The annual membership fees are: Main Card annual fee : S$90 1 yearFREE Companion Card annual fee : S$45 1 yearFREE Click here for Citibank Ready Credit SmartCash Customer's Agreement