Create Your Internet Radio Station For Free (Mac/Windows/Linux)

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How to open your free internet radio with caster.fm

Broadcast With MIXXX

This tutorial will guide you how to broadcast with MIXXX (v1.9.0 or grater).

Step one: download and install:

1.Download MIXXX from the Download Tab at the Control Panel. 

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2.Install MIXXX..

3.Download and install mp3 lame encoder

For Windows only: 
To activate MP3 streaming on Windows, the following steps are necessary:
Download LAME 3.98.4 binaries from http://lame.bakerweb.biz/. The ZIP file includes x86 and x64 DLLs
Unpack the archive
If you have the 32-bit version of Mixxx, copy libmp3lame.dll from the x86 folder to the location you have installed Mixxx.
If you have the 64-bit version of Mixxx, copy libmp3lame.dll from the x64 folder to the location you have installed Mixxx.
Rename the DLL to lame_enc.dll 

important! Do not use other versions of the lame encoder, if you do, Mixxx will show an error when activating live broadcasting.

Step two: starting the server & configuring MIXXX

1. Log in to your Caster.Fm Control Panel.
2. In the bottom left corner click "Start Server".

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Your Server Is Now Online and you will now see all the Broadcast Settings.
That you will need to fill in MIXXX settings.

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3. Launch MIXXX.

go to Options/Preferences/ or press CTRL+P short key.
At the Preferences window, choose 'live broadcasting' and configure it as follows

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Select the 'Enable live broadcasting' checkbox.
Input all the necessary data of your broadcast (from step two/2).
An example set-up as follows:

Type: Icecast 2
Mount:/listen.mp3
Host: (Server IP) as appears in your dashboard
Port: as appears in your dashboard
Login:(username) as appears in your dashboard
Password: as appears in your dashboard
Bitrate: 64 kbps (or 128 kbps)
Format: MP3
Channels: stereo

4. Now edit stream settings section, and enter your station details. This information will be displayed in your listeners' media player.
5. Once you finish click ok and you are good to go! 

Step three: start broadcasting

You are now ready to broadcast. If all done right, you will be able to connect.
Congratulations! Now you can start broadcasting!

things to know:
MIXXX digital dj user manual, can be found here: http://www.mixxx.org/Mixxx-Manual.pdf 

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Broadcasting your Mixxx over the Internet

Starting with version 1.9.0, Mixxx directly supports live broadcasting which allows you to connect to Shoutcast and Icecast servers. Using the preferences dialogue, you can simply supply Mixxx with all information needed to establish a server connection. To enable live broadcasting you can either use the options menu or the checkbox within the preference dialogue.

For an Icecast server, you'll need to provide the mount point (of the form ”/mount”). You can enter the host as either a host name or an IP address. In the “login” field, the default is to enter “source” – without this, you will not connect successfully to the server. The password will be provided by your streaming server provider, unless you run your own radio server.

Do not enter a URL as the host! “http://example.com:8000” does not work. Use “example.com” in the host field and “8000” in the port field instead.

If you connect to an Shoutcast server the default login name is “admin”. It is not necessary to specify a mount point. The password will be provided by your streaming server provider.

An Icecast server can stream either mp3 or Ogg. However, although Ogg is more efficient and effective - you get a better sound than mp3 at a lower data rate - not all players can play Ogg streams, so as a result mp3 is probably a better choice unless you know your listeners can hear an Ogg stream successfully. You may need the LAME libraries to stream in mp3. See the next section for details.

By default, Mixxx broadcasts artist and title information to your listeners. You can disable this feature by selecting “enable custom metadata”. For technical reasons, broadcasting artist and title information is not supported for OGG streams.

MP3 streaming

Dependent on the server technology you can stream in OGG and MP3 format. Due to licensing restrictions, MP3 streaming is disabled by default in Mixxx. In order to enable MP3 streaming you must install the LAME MP3 codec. The following section explains how to do that.

If you have activated MP3 streaming support, you'll be also able to record your mixes in MP3 format.

Linux

On Ubuntu and Linux-based operating systems MP3 streams can be activated by installing the package libmp3lame. Dependent on your Linux distribution the package might be slightly named different such as lame.

sudo apt-get install libmp3lame0

Windows

To activate MP3 streaming on Windows, the following steps are necessary:

1. Download LAME 3.98.4 binaries from http://lame.bakerweb.biz/. The download includes versions for 32-bit and 64-bit Windows.
2. Unpack the downloaded ZIP archive. You need a utility for manipulating archives like the free 7zip.
3. If you have the 32-bit version of Mixxx, copy libmp3lame.dll from the x86 folder to the location you have installed Mixxx.
4. If you have the 64-bit version of Mixxx, copy libmp3lame.dll from the x64 folder to the location you have installed Mixxx.
5. Rename libmp3lame.dll to lame_enc.dll in the folder where you have installed Mixxx

A common mistake when going through the process is not copying only libmp3lame.dll from the LAME zip file and then renaming that file tolame_enc.dll. It's deceiving but there is a file named lame_enc.dll in the LAME zip file. You don't want that file! Also, make sure the version of LAME you use (x86=32-bit vs. x64=64-bit) matches the version of Mixxx you use. Select “Help > About” to find out whether you have installed the 32 bit or 64 bit version of Mixxx.

Please note that Audacity and other web sites provide lame binaries too. DO NOT USE THESE VERSIONS. If you do, Mixxx will show an error when activating live broadcasting.

Mac OSX

To activate MP3 streaming on Mac OSX, the following steps are necessary:

1. Download LAME 3.98.4 Intel (OS X 10.5+ 32-bit & 64-bit) or LAME 3.98.4 PowerPC (OS X 10.5 32-bit)
2. Unpack & install the archive

Another easy way to achieve MP3 streaming is to use MacPorts which is a repository manager (like apt on Ubuntu) for Open Source software. Having installed this piece of software, installing MP3 support is rather simple.

sudo port install lame

Alternate methods

Here are some other ways our users have found to broadcast their mix sessions, useful for Mixxx versions 1.8.x and earlier.

Linux via JACK and edcast

Hello, all! It's thread here with a quick description of how I have Mixxx stream out to dnbradio.com's shoutcast servers every Tuesday.

I run mixxx under the Ubuntu-based linux distribution, Crunchbang Linux. Using Jack, I feed Mixxx's main L/R outputs to the simple, console-based edcast (http://www.oddsock.org/tools/edcast_jack/), which is then able to encode the audio to mp3 in realtime and feed it up to the remote server.

I fire up Jack using the very simple frontend, qjackctl. Then I start Mixxx and set it to output its audio via Jack. After some straightforward editing of the edcast configuration file, I launch it, specifying the configuration file and the jack sockets to stream from, with something like this:

~/apps/edcast$ bin/edcast -c etc/edcast.conf PortAudio:out_0 PortAudio:out_1

And if all goes well, edcast will start telling you how many kilobits were sent up every second, until it is killed with ctrl+c.

Linux via JACK and IDJC

This is Madjester (pwhelan). I broadcast from Mixxx using JACK and IDJC. IDJC is a fully featured program for Streaming like a Radio Jockey.

I fire up Jack using the qjackctl frontend, just like thread. Next step, I fire up Mixxx. I then connect the Mixxx Portaudio:out_0 and Portaudio:out_1 connectors to idjc:aux_lt and idjc:aux_rt using Patchage.

You should be able to press the Auxilary button in IDJC to hear and/or broadcast Mixxx.

Other Way...

http://www.shoutcast.com/shoutcast_popup_player?station_id=3665&play_status=1&stn=181.fm%20-%20The%20Mix%20Channel%20(70s,%2080s,%2090s%20and%20...



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Internet Tutorials [02] - Create Your Internet Radio Station For Free (Mac/Windows/Linux)

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+(65)9082 6441
Email: info@jobsinmyanmar.com

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Comment by ၀တ္မႈန္ on Saturday

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စင္ကာပူမွာ ေဒၚလာ၃ေထာင္လစာထုတ္ေနတဲ့လူ၊ ျမန္မာျပည္မွာ ျပန္လုပ္ရင္ ေဒၚလာတစ္ေထာင္ေက်ာ္ပဲေပးပါတယ္။ သိပ္ျပန္ခ်င္ေနတဲ့ျမန္မာေတြကို လစာနည္းျပီး၊ ရာထူးျမွင့္ေပးတဲ့စနစ္ပါ။
လီကြမ္းယူ စင္ကာပူဝန္ၾကီးခ်ဳပ္စတင္လုပ္တဲ့ ၁၉၆၇ခုႏွစ္မွာ၊ သူက အိမ္ၾကီးတစ္လံုး၊ ကားေကာင္း၂စိီးနဲ႔ လစာေဒၚလာ၂ေသာင္း ေပးဖို႔ေျပာေတာ့၊ လႊတ္ေတာ္က ပထမ၂ခုကိုေပးမယ္။ လစာေတာ့ ထပ္ညွိဖို႔လုပ္တာ လီကြမ္းယူက ဒါဆိုရင္ တစ္လ၂ေထာင္ပဲယူမယ္။ ဖိလစ္ပိုင္သမၼတ မားကို႔စ္လိုပဲ ငါ လပ္စားမယ္ ..လို႔ေျပာမွ၊ လစာေဒၚလာ၂ေသာင္ေပးလုိက္တယ္လို႔ တကယ့္အျဖစ္အပ်က္ပါ။
ျမန္မာျပည္ျပန္လုပ္လိုသူမ်ားလည္း လစာေတာ့နည္းသြားမယ္။ ဒါေပမဲ့ ျမန္မာျပည္မွာ ကုမဏီအလုပ္ဆိုေတာ့ လပ္စားလို႔ရပါတယ္။ လစာနည္းျပီး လပ္စားရေငြနဲ႔ ေနရမဲ့ပံုျဖစ္ေနပါတယ္။ 

မယားေကာင္းဆိုတာ အိပ္ယာထဲမွာ ျပည့္တန္ဆာလို ေနရ-က်င့္ရတယ္

ဆရာရွင့္ ကြ်န္မရဲ့စိတ္အေႀကာင္းေမးခ်င္လို႔ပါ။ ကြ်န္မနဲ႔ကြ်န္မအမ်ိဳသား အတူေနတဲ့အခါ ကြ်န္မေယာက္်ား ကေျပာပါတယ္ ကြ်န္မကို ေက်ာက္ရုပ္ႀကီးက်ေနတာပဲတဲ့။ သူ႔ကိုစိတ္ပါေသးရဲ့ လားလို႔လဲ ေမးပါတယ္။ ကြ်န္မဘာလို႔အဲဒီ႔လိုျဖစ္ေနရတာလဲ။ အမွန္တိုင္းေျပာရရင္ ကြ်န္မတို႔အိမ္ေထာင္သက္ ၂ ႏွစ္ျပည့္ခါနီးေပ မယ့္ ကြ်န္မရွက္တုန္းပဲ။ ကေလးတစ္ေယာက္ ရသြားေပမယ့္ ရွက္ေနတုန္းပဲ။ အဲဒါဘာျဖစ္လို႔ပါလည္းရွင္။ သူ႔အေပၚတာဝန္မေက်သလို ခံစားရပါတယ္။ သူ႔အေပၚ တာဝန္ေက်ခ်င္ပါတယ္ရွင့္။ ေျပာျပေပးပါဦး။

ေမးတဲ့သူဟာ အခုလိုေမးသင့္တယ္လို႔ထင္တဲ့၊ စိတ္ဆႏၵရွိေနတာဟာ အလားအလာအေတာ္ၾကီး ေကာင္းပါ တယ္။ ရွက္စိတ္ရွိတာ ပံုမွန္ပါ၊ လူဆန္ပါတယ္။ အၾကံတခုေပးခ်င္တာက ဒီလိုရွက္စိတ္ဟာ “ၾကိဳက္မရွက္၊ ငိုက္မရွက္၊ ငတ္မရွက္" ဆိုတာ လူတိုင္းအသိပါ။ ေျပာဘို႔ မယဥ္ေက်းတဲ့ မရွက္တရား ေနာက္ တပါးကေတာ့ “တရားဝင္ အၾကင္လင္မယား ႏွစ္ဦးသားဟာ ဆက္ဆံရာမွာ

ရွက္ေနစရာ မလိုဘူး”။ ဒါျဖင့္ရင္“အရွက္ကိုမရွိရေတာ့မွာလား”ဆိုတာေတာ့လဲမဟုတ္ပါ။ လင္မယားေတြ ေပါင္းလာၾကတာ ႏွစ္ေတြ အမ်ားၾကီးၾကာေပမဲ့လဲ ဘယ္အေရးကိစၥမွာမဆို သူသူကိုယ္ကုိယ္ ရွက္ေနၾကရေသးတာပါ။ အဖိုးၾကီး၊ အဖြါးၾကီးျဖစ္တဲ့အထိပါ။

ဒါေပမဲ့ အခုေမးလာသူလို လိုအပ္ခ်က္ရယ္လို႔ရွိလာျပီဆိုရင္ေတာ့ ျပင္ယူရပါလိမ့္မယ္။ တႏွစ္က သတင္းစာမွာ ဖတ္ရတယ္။ ကမာၻ႔နံပါတ္တစ္ အားကစားမယ္တေယာက္ ရုပ္ရည္ကလဲ အင္မတန္ေခ်ာ ပါတယ္။ သူ႔ (ဘြိဳင္း-ဖရင္း) က ေျပာတယ္ “အိပ္ယာထဲမွာဆို ဒီမိန္းကေလးဟာ သစ္တံုးလိုဘဲ” တဲ့။ သူတို႔ဆီကေတာ့ အၾကင္လင္မယားမျဖစ္ေသးလဲ အဲလို ေနၾကတာကထံုးစံပါ။ နာမည္ၾကီးသူဆိုရင္ သတင္းလိုက္သူေတြကလဲ ေရွာင္လို႔မရဘူး။ ျပန္ေျပာေပါ့ “က်မတေယာက္တည္း မဟုတ္ဘူး (ဆယ္လီဘရက္တီ) အပ်ိဳမလဲ က်မလိုပါဘဲ” လို႔။

ျမန္မာအရပ္စကားတခုလဲ ရွိေသးတယ္။ “မယားေကာင္းဆိုတာ အိပ္ယာထဲမွာ ျပည့္တန္ဆာလို ေနရ-က်င့္ရတယ္” တဲ့။ ဒီအၾကံေပးခ်က္ဟာ လက္ေတြ႔ဘဝေတြကေန လာပံုရတယ္။ တခုရွိတာက ကိုယ္ခႏၶာ ေရာင္းစားသူေတြ၊ ေငြယူျပီး လိင္ဇာတ္ကား ရိုက္ေပးသူေတြဟာ ၾကည့္တဲ့သူေတြပို သေဘာက်၊ အားက်ေစေအာင္ တမင္တကာ သရုပ္ေဆာင္ၾကရတယ္။ ဥပမာ အမ်ိဳးသမီးေတြက ခံစားမႈရွိေနသေယာင္၊ သာယာေနသေယာင္ သရုပ္ေဆာင္ၾကတယ္။ ဒါတင္မကဘူး လိင္ဆႏၵ ျပည့္ဝ ျပီးစီးတာကိုပါ အတုလုပ္ေလ့ရွိတယ္။ ဒါကို Women Fake Orgasm လို႔ေခၚတယ္။

ဒီလိုအတုလုပ္ၾကတာက ေၾကးစာမိန္းမေတြမွ မဟုတ္ေသးဘူး။ အေနာက္ႏိုင္ငံေတြမွာ (ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံမ်ာေတာ့ ေလ့လာမႈ မရွိလို႔ မေျပာႏိုင္ပါ။) အတြဲထားတဲ့ အမ်ိဳးသမီးမ်ားကလဲ ျပီးစီးမႈ အတုလုပ္တတ္ၾကတယ္။ AskMen.com ကေန အေမရိကန္၊ ကေနဒါ၊ ယူေကနဲ႔ ၾသစေၾတးလ် မွာ ေယာက္်ား-မိန္မေပါင္း ငါးေသာင္းကို ေလ့လာမႈလုပ္ေတာ့ ၃ ပံု ၁ ပံုေသာ အမ်ိဳးသမီးေတြက (ေအာ္ဂဇင္) ရသေယာင္ေဆာင္ပါသတဲ့။ (ကိုလန္ဘီယာ) က Farnaz Kaighobadi ကေနလုပ္တဲ့ သုေတသနအရ ၄ဝ-၆ဝ% အမ်ိဳးသမီးေတြက အဲလိုအတုလုပ္ၾကရတာဟာ Mate retention tactic သူတို႔ ေယာက္်ားေဖၚေတြ သူတို႔ဆီကေန ခြါမသြားေစေအာင္လုပ္ရတဲ့ ဗ်ဴဟာလို႔ ဆိုပါတယ္။

ေနာက္တခုလဲ ၾကားဘူးၾကမွာပါ။ “ေယာက္်ားသား ေဖါက္ျပားတာဟာ သူ႔မိန္းမက အလိုကို လိုသလို မျဖည့္ႏိုင္ လို႔” ဆိုတာ။ ဒီအခ်က္က တဝက္တပ်က္သာ မွန္ပါမယ္။ ေဖါက္ျပားခ်င္သူ ဆိုတာ ေယာက္်ားျဖစ္ျဖစ္ မိန္းမျဖစ္ျဖစ္ စ (ဇ) ရွိသူေတြက ဇနီးမယား၊ ေယာက္်ား ခင္ပြန္းဘက္ က ေျပာစရာမလိုေပမဲ့ ေဖါက္ျပန္္ၾကပါတယ္။

လင္မယားေနၾကရာမွာ အခ်ိန္ကာလအရ တိုးတက္လာၾကရတယ္။ ေမးတဲ့သူလဲ တိုးတက္လာေအာင္ လုပ္သင့္ပါတယ္။ ပိုျပီး နားလည္လာရမယ္။ သာယာမႈရွာတဲ့ေနရာမ်ိဳးမွာ ပိုျပီးသာယာမႈကိုျဖစ္လာေစ သင့္တယ္။ ခြင့္လႊတ္စရာမ်ိဳးကို ပိုျပီး ခြင့္လြတ္လာၾကတာမ်ိဳးလိုပါဘဲ။ အျပန္အလွန္ပါဘဲ။ ေယာက္်ား လုပ္သူကလဲ နားလည္မႈ ျပန္ေပးဘို႔လိုတယ္။ မိန္းမသဘာဝဟာ တမ်ိဳးဆိုတာ သိသင့္တယ္။ ပိုးျပီးရွက္ တတ္တယ္။ လိင္စိတ္ျဖစ္လာတာ အခ်ိန္ပိုယူတယ္။ အခါတိုင္း အျပီးမသတ္ေပမဲ့ သိပ္ကိစၥမရွိတတ္ဘူး။ လစဥ္ဓမၼတာနဲ႔အတူ ေဟာ္မုန္းသတၠိေၾကာင့္ လိင္စိတ္ အတက္အက် ရွိတတ္တယ္။ အိမ္ေထာင္မက် ခင္ဘဝ၊ ေနာက္ခံ (လိင္) က်န္းမာေရးသုတ ဆိုတာမ်ိဳးကို တမင္တကာ လိုက္ရွာေနတတ္သူမ်ိဳး ဆိုတာ ေယာက္်ားေတြနဲ႔ယွဥ္ရင္ အေရအတြက္နည္းပါးတယ္။ ဒီေတာ့ လိုေနတယ္ထင္ရင္ ျပင္ လာေစေအာင္ ကူညီရမယ္။ သုတအရလိုေနရင္ သုတျဖည့္ေပးပါ။ က်န္းမာေရးေၾကာင့္ဆိုရင္ ခြင့္လြတ္ေပးပါ။ တိုးတက္လာတိုင္း အသိအမွတ္ျပဳေပးပါ။

လိင္မႈကိစၥဟာ တျခားအေရးအရာေတြလိုဘဲ။ ႏွစ္ဦးႏွစ္ဘက္ ပါဝင္ပတ္သက္ရတယ္။ လက္လုပ္တီးတာ လက္ႏွစ္ဖက္ ပါရသလိုမ်ိဳး။ လက္ႏွစ္ဖက္ေတာ့ ဟုတ္ပါရဲ႕ တဖက္လက္ဝါးက ျဖန္႔ေကာ့ထားရင္ မည္တဲ့ လက္ခုပ္သံက မျပီသဘူး။ တက္ညီ-လက္ညီ ရွိၾကတာ ေကာင္းတဲ့ဂုဏ္တရပ္ပါ။ ေရွ႕သြား၊ ေနာက္လိုက္ ညီၾကတယ္ဆိုတာ အမ်ားအျမင္သာ ျဖစ္တယ္။ ဘက္ညီတယ္ဆိုတာမွာ အတူေနတဲ့ကိစၥလဲ ပါသင့္တယ္။

စိတ္မပ်က္ပါနဲ႔။ အားငယ္စရာမဟုတ္ပါ။ အိမ္ေထာင္ေရး ပိုသာယာတာ အခုေမးတဲ့သူမွာ ေသျခာေပါက္ျဖစ္ လာမယ္လို႔ ယူဆပါတယ္။ ဖတ္ပါ၊ လိုက္နာပါ။ ေမးျမန္းပါ၊ လိုက္လုပ္ပါ။ ကိုယ့္က ေက်ာက္ရုပ္ (သစ္တံုး) လိုျဖစ္မေနေအာင္ လိုေသးရင္ ဆရာဝန္ကိုေမးပါ။

ေဒါက္တာတင့္ေဆြ

Ref:myanamrnewsupdates blog's

ေစ်းကြက္အတြင္း ေရာင္းခ်လ်က္ ရွိေသာငါးပိမ်ား၌ ဓာတ္ေျမၾသဇာ ေရာေႏွာထားမႈ ေတြ႕ရွိရ

ရန္ကုန္ ၊ ၂၁-၈-၂၀၁၃

ေစ်းကြက္အတြင္း ေရာင္းခ်လ်က္ ရွိသည့္ ငါးပိမ်ားတြင္ ဓာတ္ေျမၾသဇာ ေရာေႏွာ ပါ၀င္ေနေၾကာင္း စားသံုးသူ ကာကြယ္ေရး အသင္းမွ တာ၀န္ရွိသူ တစ္ဦးက ေျပာၾကား ခဲ့ေၾကာင္း သိရသည္။

ငါး ၊ ပုစြန္ထြက္ ရွိေသာ ေဒသမ်ား၌ ငါးပိ ထုတ္လုပ္မႈ လုပ္ငန္း မ်ားသည္လည္း စီးပြားေရး ေစ်းကြက္ တစ္ခု အေနျဖင့္ ရွိေနေၾကာင္း ၊ ယခင္ သဘာ၀ နည္းအတုိင္း စီးပြားျဖစ္ ငါးပိ ထုတ္လုပ္မႈ အဆင့္ဆင့္ မွာ ၆ လခန္႔ၾကာမွ ရရွိေၾကာင္း ၊ ယခုမူ ေစ်းကြက္ အတြင္းသုိ႔ အျမန္ ေရာင္းခ်ႏုိင္ရန္ တစ္လခန္႔ ႏွင့္ ငါးပိ ထုတ္လုပ္ရာ၌ ဓာတ္ေျမၾသဇာ အျပင္း ၊ အေပ်ာ့ မ်ားကို အသံုးျပဳ လာၾကေၾကာင္း သိရသည္။

" ျမန္မာႏုိင္ငံ မွာ ဒီလုိ လူကုိ အႏၲရာယ္ ျဖစ္ေစႏုိင္တဲ့ ေဆး၀ါးေတြ အသံုးျပဳၿပီး စားေသာက္ကုန္ေတြ ထုတ္လုပ္ ေနတဲ့ လုပ္ငန္းေတြကုိ ထိေရာက္စြာ အေရးယူ သင့္တယ္ ၊ ငါးပိ တစ္ထုတ္ကုိ အိမ္တစ္အိမ္ က က်ိဳလိုက္ရင္ ရလာတဲ့ ငါးပိရည္ကုိ တစ္မိသားစု လံုး စားသံုး ၾကတဲ့အတြက္ ပုိၿပီး အေရးႀကီး ပါတယ္ ၊ ဒီလုိ က်န္းမာေရး ကုိ ထိခုိက္ေစတဲ့ စားသံုးကုန္ ေတြကို တားျမစ္ ေပးေစခ်င္ ပါတယ္ ... " ဟု ၄င္းက ဆက္လက္ ေျပာၾကား ခဲ့သည္။ စီးပြားေရး အရ တြက္ေျခ ကိုက္ေအာင္ ငါးပိ ထုတ္လုပ္သည့္ လုပ္ငန္းမ်ားတြင္ ပံုမွန္ သဘာ၀ အတုိင္း ငါးပိ ထုတ္လုပ္ေသာ ေဒသမ်ား တြင္ပါ ဓာတ္ေျမၾသဇာ အသံုးျပဳမႈ ျပဳလုပ္ လာေနေၾကာင္း သိရသည္။

အဆုိပါ ငါးပိ စားသံုးမႈသည္ ျမန္မာႏုိင္ငံ၌ သာမက အိမ္နီးခ်င္း ႏုိင္ငံ မ်ားတြင္လည္း စားသံုးၾကေၾကာင္း ၊ ငါးပိ အမ်ိဳးအစား မ်ားစြာရွိၿပီး ျမန္မာႏုိင္ငံ တြင္ သဘာ၀ နည္းအတုိင္း ထုတ္လုပ္သည့္ ငါးပိ ေလ်ာ့နည္း လာေၾကာင္း ၊ ျမန္မာႏုိင္ငံ တြင္ ငါးပိ အမ်ားဆံုး ထြက္ရွိသည့္ ေဒသမွာ ဘုိကေလး ၊ ဖ်ာပံု ၊ လပြတၱာ ၊ ေျမာင္းျမ ႏွင့္ ပုသိမ္ၿမိဳ႕ ရွိ သက္ကယ္ေသာင္ တုိ႔ ျဖစ္ေၾကာင္း သိရွိရသည္။

Ref:the myawaddydaily

အႏၲရာယ္ၾကားက သူရဲေကာင္းမ်ား

ၾကည္ေန၀င္းမင္း

အတဲြ (၁၂)၊ အမွတ္(၂၀)

ေအးရွားနားေလေၾကာင္း ခရီးစဥ္ (၂၁၄) ဆန္ဖရန္စစၥကိုၿမိဳ႕ ေလဆိပ္တြင္ ဆင္းသက္စဥ္ ပ်က္က်မႈမတုိင္မီ ယင္းကိုရီးယားေလေၾကာင္းလိုင္း ေလယာဥ္မယ္မ်ား သတင္းမ်ားဖန္တီးခဲ့ေသာ ေနာက္ဆံုးအႀကိမ္မွာ ယခုႏွစ္ ေစာေစာပိုင္းကျဖစ္ၿပီး ေလယာဥ္မယ္မ်ား ေဘာင္းဘီရွည္၀တ္ခြင့္ရေရး ၎တို႔သမဂၢ ေတာင္းဆိုခ်ိန္ျဖစ္သည္။

သို႔ေသာ္ ဆန္ဖရန္စစၥကို ေလယာဥ္ပ်က္က်မႈတြင္ ေလယာဥ္မယ္ ၁၂ ဦးအနက္ ထက္၀က္ခန္႔ ဒဏ္ရာမ်ား ရရွိေနခ်ိန္တြင္ က်န္ေလယာဥ္မယ္မ်ားက အေရးေပၚကယ္ဆယ္ေရးလုပ္ငန္းမ်ားကို သူရဲေကာင္းဆန္ဆန္ လုပ္ေဆာင္ခဲ့ျခင္းအတြက္ ခ်ီးက်ဴးခံရေသာအခါ အမ်ားျပည္သူအာ႐ံုစိုက္မႈမွာ သူတို႔၏ ယူနီေဖာင္းကိစၥမွ သူရဲေကာင္းလုပ္ရပ္မ်ားဆီသို႔ ေရာက္ရွိသြားသည္။

ဇူလိုင္ ၆ ရက္ ေလယာဥ္ပ်က္က်မႈတြင္ ေလယာဥ္မယ္အဖဲြ႕သား သံုးဦးမွာ ထိုင္ခံုတြင္ လံုၿခံဳေရးခါးပတ္တပ္ဆင္ထားရင္း ျပတ္ထြက္သြားေသာ ေလယာဥ္အၿမီးပိုင္းအတြင္း ပါသြားခဲ့သည္။ ထိုအေတာအတြင္း မက်ဳိးမပဲ့ က်န္ရွိသူမ်ားက ခရီးသည္ေပါင္း ၃၀၀ အေရးေပၚ ကယ္ဆယ္ေရးကို ႀကီးၾကပ္ခဲ့ရသည္။ ယင္းတြင္ ခရီးသည္လံုၿခံဳေရးခါးပတ္မ်ားကို ဓားမ်ားျဖင့္ ျဖတ္ျခင္း၊ ေလယာဥ္အတြင္း မွားယြင္းပြင့္ထြက္လာေသာ အေရးေပၚေလအိတ္ေလွ်ာမ်ားကို ပုဆိန္ျဖင့္ ခုတ္ထစ္၍ မြန္းက်ပ္ေနေသာ အေပါင္းပါေလယာဥ္မယ္မ်ားအား ကယ္ဆယ္ျခင္း၊ မီးသတ္ျခင္း၊ ေၾကာက္ရြံ႕ထိတ္လန္႔ေနေသာ ကေလးငယ္မ်ားကို သယ္ထုတ္ျခင္းမ်ား ပါ၀င္သည္။ ယင္းကို စကၠန္႔ပိုင္း၊ မိနစ္ပိုင္းအတြင္း လုပ္ေဆာင္ရျခင္းျဖစ္သည္။

“တကယ္လည္း ကၽြန္မ ဘာမွေတြးမေနဘူး။ ကၽြန္မ ခႏၶာကုိယ္က ကယ္ဆယ္ေရးအလုပ္ေတြကို စတင္ၿပီးလုပ္သြားတာပဲ” ဟု အႀကီးအကဲ ေလယာဥ္မယ္ မစၥစ္လီယြန္ဟုိင္း (၄၀)ႏွစ္က သတင္းစာရွင္းလင္းပြဲတစ္ရပ္တြင္ ေျပာၾကားပါသည္။ “ေနာက္ခရီးသည္တစ္ေယာက္ ကယ္ဆယ္ေရးကုိပဲ ကၽြန္မ စဥ္းစားေနတယ္” ဟု ၎က ဆက္ေျပာပါသည္။ ေနာက္ပုိင္းတြင္ အေမရိကန္ဖက္ဒရယ္လံုၿခံဳေရး စံုစမ္းစစ္ေဆးသူမ်ားက ေလယာဥ္အဖြဲ႕သားမ်ားအား ယင္းမေတာ္တဆမႈအေၾကာင္း ေျပာခြင့္မျပဳေတာ့ေပ။

ယင္းသို႔ေသာ လုပ္ရပ္မွာ မၾကာခဏဆုိသလို ၎တုိ႔၏ ႐ုပ္ရည္႐ူပကာႏွင့္ ခရီးသည္၀န္ေဆာင္မႈ ကၽြမ္းက်င္မႈအတြက္သာ အသိအမွတ္ျပဳခံရေသာ ေလယာဥ္မယ္လုပ္ငန္းအတြက္ ဂုဏ္ယူစရာအတုိင္းအတာတစ္ခုျဖစ္ပါသည္။

“အခက္အခဲေပါင္းစံုနဲ႔ ႀကီးမားတဲ့ ဖိအားေတြရင္ဆုိင္ေနရခ်ိန္မွာ သူတို႔တစ္ေတြဟာ ကိုယ္ထည္က်ယ္ေလယာဥ္ႀကီးတစ္ခုလံုးက ခရီးသည္ေတြကို အခ်ိန္တိုအတြင္း ကယ္ဆယ္ေရးလုပ္ၿပီး သူတို႔အလုပ္ သူတို႔လုပ္ခဲ့ၾကပါတယ္” ဟု အလက္စကာေလေၾကာင္းလုိင္း ေလယာဥ္မယ္ႏွင့္ ႏုိင္ငံတကာ ေလယာဥ္ေမာင္/မယ္မ်ား အစည္းအ႐ံုးဥကၠ႒ မစၥစ္ဗီဒါရႊတ္က ေျပာသည္။ “ဒါဟာ တကယ့္ကို ေတာက္ပတဲ့ နမူနာပါပဲ။ ေလယာဥ္ေမာင္းတဲ့အဖြဲ႕သာမဟုတ္ဘဲ ေလယာဥ္ေမာင္/မယ္ေတြဟာလည္း အေရးေပၚတုံ႔ျပန္ေရးအတြက္ အေရးႀကီးတယ္ဆုိတာ ျပသေနပါတယ္” ဟု မစၥစ္ဗီဒါက ဆက္လက္ေျပာပါသည္။

ေရွးဦးသူနာျပဳစုျခင္းႏွင့္ မီးၿငိႇမ္းသတ္ေရး ေလ့က်င့္မႈမ်ားအျပင္ ေလယာဥ္ေနာက္ခန္းအဖြဲ႕သားမ်ားမွာ ေလယာဥ္ေပၚမွ ခရီးသည္မ်ားအား စကၠန္႔ကုိးဆယ္အတြင္း ကယ္ဆယ္ႏုိင္ေရး အစီအစဥ္မ်ားကို ႏွစ္စဥ္ေလ့က်င့္ၾကရေၾကာင္း မစၥစ္ဗီဒါကေျပာပါသည္။ အခ်ိန္မွတ္အစမ္းေလ့က်င့္မႈမ်ားအျပင္ ေလယာဥ္ေမာင္/မယ္မ်ားမွာ ၀႐ုန္းသုန္းကားအေျခအေနႏွင့္ ေလယာဥ္အင္ဂ်င္ဆူညံသံမ်ားအၾကား ေအာ္ဟစ္ေျပာဆုိျခင္း၊ အေၾကာက္တရားျဖင့္ ၾကက္ေသေသေနေသာ ခရီးသည္မ်ားကို ေျပာဆုိဆက္သြယ္ျခင္း၊ က်ပ္ေနေသာ တံခါးမ်ား၊ ျပတင္းေပါက္မ်ားကို ဖြင့္ျခင္းမ်ားကို ေလ့က်င့္ၾကရသည္ဟု ၎ကဆုိသည္။ ရည္ရြယ္ခ်က္မွာ ယင္းကိစၥမ်ားကို အလုိအေလ်ာက္တုံ႔ျပန္ႏုိင္ေရးျဖစ္သည္။ “ဒါေတြကို ကၽြန္မတို႔ မွတ္ဉာဏ္ထဲ ႐ိုက္သြင္းထားတာပါ”ဟု မစၥစ္ဗီဒါကေျပာသည္။

ယင္းမွာ ေလယာဥ္ေနာက္ခန္း အမႈထမ္းမ်ားအား အမ်ိဳးသမီးမ်ားခ်ည္းျဖစ္ခဲ့ၿပီး ေလယာဥ္မယ္မ်ား (သို႔မဟုတ္) ေလယာဥ္ေပၚတြင္လည္း တည္ခင္းဧည့္ခံသူမ်ားဟု သိျမင္ခဲ့ေသာ ေခတ္ႏွင့္မ်ားစြာေ၀းကြာသြားၿပီျဖစ္သည္။ ထိုစဥ္က ေလယာဥ္ေနာက္ခန္း၀န္ထမ္းမ်ားမွာ အေရးေပၚအေျခအေနမ်ားတြင္ ပါ၀င္ႏုိင္ေသာ အခန္းက႑အမ်ားအျပား မရွိလွေပ။

ယူႏုိက္တက္ ေလေၾကာင္းလုိင္းတြင္ ၃၁ ႏွစ္ၾကာ ေလယာဥ္မယ္အျဖစ္ လုပ္ကုိင္ခဲ့သူ မစၥစ္ေလာ္ရာဘရင္လင္ဂါက ၁၉၇၂ ခုႏွစ္က ျဖစ္ပြားခဲ့ေသာ ၎၏ ပထမဆံုးေလယာဥ္အေရးေပၚ ဆင္းသက္မႈ အေတြ႕အႀကံဳကို ျပန္ေျပာင္းေျပာျပသည္။ အေရးေပၚအေျခအေနၿပီးဆံုးၿပီး ေလယာဥ္မွဴး၏ မ်က္ႏွာကုိ ျမင္ေတြ႕ခ်ိန္အထိ အေျခအေနမည္မွ် ဆိုးရြားေၾကာင္း ေလာ္ရာတစ္ေယာက္သေဘာမေပါက္ခဲ့။ “အဲဒီတုန္္းကဆုိရင္ ေခါင္းေလးကုိပုတ္ၿပီး သြားေနာက္ခန္းျပန္သြားၿပီး လူေတြကို ေကာင္းေကာင္းမြန္မြန္ ၿပံဳးျပေနလိုက္ဆိုတာမ်ိဳး” ဟု ေလာ္ရာက ေျပာျပၿပီး ယခုအခါ မ်ားစြာတုိးတက္လာခဲ့ၿပီဟု ဆက္ေျပာပါသည္။

အေမရိကန္ႏုိင္ငံတြင္ ၁၉၈၉ ခုႏွစ္ အုိကာရီယုိေလေၾကာင္းခရီးစဥ္ (၁၃၆၃)ေလထဲပ်ံတက္စဥ္ ပ်က္က်မႈျဖစ္ပြားခဲ့ၿပီးေနာက္ ေလယာဥ္ေနာက္ခန္း၀န္ထမ္းမ်ား၏ အခန္းက႑ သိသိသာသာက်ယ္ျပန္႔လာခဲ့သည္။ ေနာက္ပုိင္းစံုစမ္းစစ္ေဆးမႈအရ ေလယာဥ္အေတာင္ပံတစ္ခုေပၚတြင္ ေရခဲမ်ားကို ေလယာဥ္မယ္တစ္ဦးက ျမင္ေတြ႕ခဲ့ေသာ္လည္း ေလယာဥ္မွဴးသိမွာပဲဟု ယူဆၿပီး ထုတ္ေျပာျခင္း မျပဳခဲ့။ ထိုအခ်ိန္မွစ၍ အေမရိကန္ ဖက္ဒရယ္ေလေၾကာင္းအာဏာပိုင္အဖြဲ႕က ေလယာဥ္အေနာက္ခန္း၀န္ထမ္း အရင္းအျမစ္ စီမံခန္႔ခြဲမႈ အစီအစဥ္ကုိ သတ္မွတ္က်င့္သံုး၍ ၎တို႔၏ စုိးရိမ္ပူပန္မႈမ်ားကို ေလယာဥ္မွဴးခန္းသို႔ အေၾကာင္းၾကားျခင္းႏွင့္ ၀ါရင့္ေလယာဥ္မွဴးမ်ားအား စိန္ေခၚခြင့္မ်ားပင္ ေပးခဲ့သည္။

ယင္းအေတြးအေခၚမွာ အေရးေပၚ အေျခအေနမ်ားတြင္ ကယ္ဆယ္ေရးလုပ္ခြင့္ကုိ ေလယာဥ္ေနာက္ခန္း၀န္ထမ္းမ်ားအား အပ္ႏွင္းထားသည္။ သို႔ေသာ္ ေအးရွားနားေလယာဥ္ခရီးစဥ္(၂၁၄) ဆန္ဖရန္စစၥကုိေလဆိပ္၌ ဆင္းသက္စဥ္ ပ်က္က်ရာတြင္ ေလယာဥ္မွဴးမ်ားက ကယ္ဆယ္ေရးလုပ္ငန္းမ်ားကို စကၠန္႔ ၉၀ ဆိုင္းငံ့ထားရန္ အမိန္႔ေပးျခင္းႏွင့္ မီးေလာင္ေနေၾကာင္း ေနာက္ခန္း၀န္ထမ္းမ်ားက ေျပာၾကားမွသာ ကယ္ဆယ္ေရးလုပ္ငန္းမ်ား စတင္ျခင္းအတြက္ ေအးရွားနားေလယာဥ္မယ္မ်ားတြင္ အထက္ပါလုပ္ပုိင္ခြင့္မ်ားရွိသည္လားဆုိသည္ကို မစၥစ္ဘရင္လင္ဂါကို ေတြးေတာမိေစသည္။

“သူတို႔မွာ ကြဲျပားတဲ့အထက္အမိန္႔ အဆင့္ဆင့္လုိက္နာမႈတစ္မ်ိဳးရွိတယ္။ ေလယာဥ္မွဴးခြင့္ျပဳခ်က္မရဘဲ ဘာမွလုပ္လို႔မရဘူးဆုိတာ ေသခ်ာပါတယ္” ဟု မစၥစ္ဘရင္လင္ဂါကဆိုၿပီး “ကၽြန္မရဲ႕ စိတ္ထဲမွာေတာ့ ေလယာဥ္ကုိ ကယ္ဆယ္ေရးခ်က္ခ်င္းလုပ္ရမယ္ဆိုတာ သံသယမရွိဘူး” ဟု ၎ကဆက္လက္ေျပာသည္။

မစၥစ္ဘရင္လင္ဂါမွာ ယခုအခ်ိန္တြင္ ကိုရီးယားေလေၾကာင္းမွ ေလယာဥ္မယ္မ်ား မည္သုိ႔ခံစားေနရႏုိင္သည္ကိုလည္း ခံစားႏုိင္ပါသည္။ ၎ကိုယ္တုိင္လည္း ၁၉၈၉ ခုႏွစ္က ပစိဖိတ္သမုဒရာေပၚတြင္ ပ်ံသန္းရင္းေလယာဥ္ ကုန္စည္ခန္းတံခါးပြင့္ထြက္၍ ခရီးသည္ကုိးဦးလြင့္စဥ္ေသဆံုးခဲ့ေသာ ဘုိးရင္း-၇၄၇ ေလယာဥ္ေပၚတြင္ ရွိေနခဲ့ဖူးသည္။

ယူႏုိက္တက္ေလေၾကာင္း ေလယာဥ္ခရီးစဥ္ (၈၁၁) ၏ ေၾကကြဲစရာျဖစ္ရပ္အၿပီး မစၥစ္ဘရင္လင္ဂါမွာ ယင္းမေတာ္တဆမႈအၿပီး စိတ္ဒုကၡေ၀ဒနာေၾကာင့္ ေလယာဥ္ေပၚျပန္တက္ရန္ အခ်ိန္ေလးႏွစ္ေက်ာ္ ၾကာျမင့္ခဲ့သည္။

“အေရးေပၚအေျခအေနကို ကုိင္တြယ္ရတာက အလြယ္ကူဆံုးအစိတ္အပိုင္းပဲ။ ဘာျဖစ္လုိ႔လဲဆုိေတာ့ မင္းကို ဒီအတြက္ ေလ့က်င့္ထားတယ္ေလ။ ကယ္ဆယ္ေရး လုပ္႐ံုပဲ” ဟု ၎ကဆုိၿပီး ဘ၀ကုိ ေရွ႕ဆက္ရန္ပင္ ႐ုန္းကန္ခဲ့ရသည္ဟု မစၥစ္ဘရင္လင္ဂါကေျပာသည္။
Ref:7daynewsjournal

ေအးရွားနားေလယာဥ္ခရီးစဥ္ (၂၁၄)ေပၚတြင္ ေနာက္ခန္း၀န္ထမ္း ေလယာဥ္မယ္ ၁၁ ဦးႏွင့္ ေလယာဥ္ေမာင္တစ္ဦးပါ၀င္ၿပီး ၎တို႔၏ အသက္အရြယ္မွာ ၂၁ ႏွင့္ ၄၂ ႏွစ္ၾကား ရွိသည္။ မေတာ္တဆမႈကို စံုစမ္းစစ္ေဆးမႈမ်ား လုပ္ေဆာင္ေနစဥ္အတြင္း မည္သည့္သတင္းအခ်က္အလက္မွ မွ်ေ၀ျခင္းမျပဳရန္ အမ်ိဳးသားသယ္ယူပို႔ေဆာင္ေရး လံုၿခံဳမႈဘုတ္အဖြဲ႕က ၫႊန္ၾကားထား၍ ေအးရွားနားေလယာဥ္အမႈထမ္းမ်ား၏ အေရးေပၚ အေျခအေနေလ့က်င့္မႈ နာရီပမာဏကို ထုတ္မေျပာႏုိင္ပါဟု ေလေၾကာင္းမွ ေျပာခြင့္ရအမ်ိဳးသမီး လီဟုိမင္းကဆုိပါသည္။

သို႔ေသာ္လည္း လြန္ခဲ့ေသာ ရွစ္ႏွစ္က ေအးရွားနားေလယာဥ္တြင္ တစ္ႏွစ္ၾကာအလုပ္လုပ္ခဲ့ၿပီး ခရီးသြားအေတြ႕အႀကံဳမ်ားကို အြန္လုိင္းဘေလာ့ဂ္ေပၚတြင္ ဓာတ္ပံုမ်ားတင္ဆက္ထားေသာ ဆစ္ဒနီၿမိဳ႕အေျခစုိက္ ခရီးသြားလုပ္ငန္း အတိုင္ပင္ခံ ဂ်င္ကာမီလာလင္းက သူတုိ႔တက္ခဲ့ရေသာ သီတင္းတစ္ပတ္ၾကာ ေလ့က်င့္မႈမွာ ျပင္းထန္ေၾကာင္းေျပာျပသည္။

“ေရထဲမွာ အေသေကာင္လို မလႈပ္မယွက္ျဖစ္ေနတဲ့ လူတစ္ေယာက္ကုိ လက္တစ္ဖက္ကဆြဲ ေရကူးၿပီး ကၽြန္မတို႔ကုိယ္ ကၽြန္မေရာ၊အဲဒီမလႈပ္မယွက္ကုိေရာ ေလွေပၚဆြဲတင္တာမ်ိဳးေတြ ေလ့က်င့္ခဲ့ရတယ္” ဟု မစၥစ္လင္းက ေျပာသည္။

႐ုပ္ရည္႐ူပကာႏွင့္ အျပင္အဆင္စံႏႈန္း သတ္မွတ္မႈမ်ားလည္း ျမင့္မားပါသည္။ အသက္ ၂၃ ႏွစ္တြင္ အလုပ္သြားေလွ်ာက္ေသာ မစၥစ္လင္းကုိ အစပထမတြင္ ေအးရွားနား႐ံုးက အသက္ႀကီးလြန္းသည္ဟု ဆိုခဲ့သည္။ လူေတြ႕စစ္ေဆးခ်ိန္တြင္ မစၥစ္လင္းမွာ စကတ္တုိတုိကုိ မည္သည့္ေျခအိတ္မွမပါဘဲ ၀တ္ျပရသည္။ ေလယာဥ္မယ္သင္တန္းေက်ာင္းတြင္ ဆံပင္၊ မိတ္ကပ္ႏွင့္ အေနအထိုင္ ပံုစံမ်ား ေလ့က်င့္သည္။ ေလယာဥ္ခရီးစဥ္အတြင္း ေလယာဥ္ေနာက္ခန္း မန္ေနဂ်ာက ေလယာဥ္မယ္မ်ား၀တ္စံုႏွင့္ လုိက္ဖက္ေသာ လက္သည္းဆုိးေဆး ဆုိးထားျခင္း ရွိ၊ မရွိႏွင့္ ခါးစည္းအ၀တ္မ်ားကို စနစ္တက်မီးပူတုိက္ထားျခင္း ရွိ၊ မရွိကအစ စစ္ေဆးသည္။

ေလယာဥ္မယ္မ်ားမွာ အျမင္ တင့္တယ္ဖုိ႔ လုိအပ္ပါသည္။ သုိ႔ ေသာ္ ဆန္ဖရန္စစၥကိုတြင္ ေလယာဥ္မေတာ္တဆမႈ၌ မီးေလာင္သြားေသာ ေလယာဥ္ျပင္ပတြင္ စကတ္မ်ားႏွင့္ေတြ႕ရေသာ ေလယာဥ္မယ္မ်ားကို ေတြ႕ရခ်ိန္ ေအးရွားနားသမဂၢက ေတာင္းဆိုေသာ

ေဘာင္းဘီရွည္ကိစၥ ေအာင္ျမင္ေစလုိေၾကာင္း မစၥစ္ကာမီလာလင္းက ေျပာပါသည္။

“တကယ္လုိ႔သာ စကတ္၀တ္ထားတာဟာ ေဘာင္းဘီ၀တ္တာထက္ပိုၿပီး လူေတြရဲ႕ အသက္ကို ကယ္တင္ႏုိင္မယ္ဆုိတဲ့ အေထာက္အထားရွိရင္ သူတို႔ကုိ မျဖစ္ျဖစ္တဲ့နည္းနဲ႔ စကတ္ပဲ၀တ္ခုိင္းထားရပါလိမ့္မယ္။ အကယ္၍မ်ား ကၽြန္မ မီးေလာင္ေနတဲ့ ေလယာဥ္ထဲမွာ ပိတ္မိေနတယ္ဆုိရင္ေတာ့ ကၽြန္မကုိ ကယ္ဆယ္ဖုိ႔ လုပ္ေနတဲ့ ေလယာဥ္မယ္ဟာ သူ႔ရဲ႕ သြားေတြမွာ ႏႈတ္ခမ္းနီေတြေပေနလား၊ ဆံပင္ေတြ မသပ္မရပ္ျဖစ္ေနလားဆုိတာကို ကၽြန္မ ၾကည့္ေနမွာ မဟုတ္ပါဘူး” ဟု မစၥစ္ကာမီလာလင္းက အဆံုးသတ္စကားဆုိသည္။

—Ref: Asiana flight attendents make news with bravery

Ref:7daymyanamr news

Pioneer generation to get special medical coverage

By Ashley chia
Govt to help S’poreans in their late 60s and above, who helped build modern Republic!

SINGAPORE — The Government will roll out a special Pioneer Generation Package, helping to foot the medical bill of older Singaporeans under the revamped national insurance scheme, MediShield Life.

The move will ensure that this group of Singaporeans, described as being in their late 60s and above and who have worked hard to build a modern Singapore, will never have to worry about healthcare in their old age, said Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong in his National Day Rally speech.

Mr Lee’s announcement follows Deputy Prime Minister Tharman Shanmugaratnam’s speech at a National Day celebration earlier this month that the Government will look at ways to alleviate the healthcare costs in “all aspects”, including hospitalisation, outpatient and nursing home bills.

In his English speech, Mr Lee said that the Government has been recognising this group of Singaporeans and has given them “something extra”, such as home care subsidies and vouchers to offset the Goods and Services Tax. They had earned less and lived with fewer social safety nets, even though they paved the way for the present generation, he added.

Speaking in Mandarin earlier, Mr Lee said that, while there are older Singaporeans who are looked after by their children, he has also during house visits met “empty nesters”, who have no one and no savings to rely on.

He noted that many of these elderly have fully paid up for their homes, which are their “retirement nest egg”, but are worried about medical bills.

“We’ve recognised them and given them something extra every time we’ve had a bonus exercise ... They are treated different and in the new healthcare arrangements, we will likewise make sure they are well taken care of,” he said.

“So we’ll have a special Pioneer Generation Package ... (to) make sure that our pioneer generation will be well covered and will not need to worry about healthcare in their old age. I think we owe it to them,” Mr Lee said.


The Pioneer Generation Package will ensure these elderly Singaporeans will never have to worry about healthcare in their old age, said Prime Minister Lee. Photo: Don Wong

Worried about major illnesses, seniors welcome MediShield revamp

http://m.todayonline.com/authors/ashley-chia

SINGAPORE — Retiree Lin Chit Wor, a 73-year-old who emptied his Central Provident Fund savings and suffers from about eight medical conditions, including heart disease, relies on the Government and his children to foot his monthly medical bills of S$500.

In contrast, retiree T K Chung, who describes his household as middle income and does not suffer from any major illnesses, is worried that the S$30,000 in his Medisave account could be wiped out if he is struck by a catastrophic illness in the near future. Thus, the 71-year-old said he felt “comforted” that the revamped national insurance scheme MediShield Life could help him should such a situation arise.

At the National Day Rally, Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong said MediShield would be revamped to become MediShield Life, offering lifelong and universal coverage. A Special Pioneer Generation Package will also be rolled out to help older Singaporeans pay their premiums.

With last night’s news, Mr Chung said: “At least now if I go into the hospital, I do not have to think about having to face the large medical bills and can concentrate on getting well, knowing that the system will take care of me.” He called on the Government to implement the scheme quickly as most seniors do not have a steady stream of income to adjust to the changes.


Madam Roilah Baba, who is retired and is not covered under MediShield, was another person who was delighted to hear that more help will be extended to older Singaporeans like her. Although the 68-year-old does not suffer from any medical conditions, she is unable to work because of her weak knees and is worried that a major and sudden illness would clean out the S$5,000 left in her Medisave.

The monthly CPF (Central Provident Fund) LIFE payouts that she relied on to take care of herself and two teenage grandsons after her son passed away will also end in about two years.

“I try my best to take good care of my health. But with the extra help, I have better peace of mind and I don’t have to burden my grandsons,” Mdm Roilah said.

Speaking to TODAY, Dr Ng Wai Chong, Assistant Director of the Hua Mei Centre for Successful Ageing, said the move could benefit seniors from the middle class, even though more should be done to address long-term care. A person disabled after a major illness would require perpetual care that is “beyond medical” such as nursing and personal care, which MediShield does not cover, he added.

Dr Ng said: “MediShield is really for catastrophic conditions that require huge resources but, most of the time, we don’t really need that. It is what happens after the hospitalisation when the elderly can’t work, can’t go to toilet themselves and have to burden their family when they really feel that old age is quite miserable ... so if the goal is to alleviate this anxiety, we need to address long-term care.” Ashley Chia
Ref:todaynews


Mdm Roilah Baba says she will have better peace of mind as she would not have to burden her grandsons with her medical bills. Photo: Ooi Boon Keong

MediShield Life to provide lifelong coverage

SINGAPORE — MediShield will undergo a major revamp to become a cradle-to-grave national basic healthcare insurance scheme, which will cover every Singaporean, even those who have pre-existing illnesses, and bring about lower out-of-pocket healthcare expenses, Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong said yesterday.

Once the details of these fundamental changes are worked out over the next year or longer, including a public consultation exercise by the Health Ministry that is expected in the months ahead, the scheme will be renamed MediShield Life to reflect the transformation into a lifelong and universal scheme.

Currently, MediShield, which 92 per cent of Singaporeans are under, does not cover those with pre-existing illnesses and after one turns 90. One can also opt out of the scheme.

Explaining the rationale for this “major change”, Mr Lee said people still worry about big hospital bills should they fall seriously ill — especially those who are over 90 or find it harder and more expensive to get insured because they are elderly or have pre-existing illnesses — although there were “very few” such cases in reality.

He cited how he did not find any from the 140 medical cases from his own Meet-the-People Sessions with “huge hospital bills”. The Ministry of Health found “very few” in its database.

To ensure Singaporeans have no need to worry about paying hospital bills, Mr Lee said: “We’ve thought about it long and hard, we’ve argued it, we decided we need to do it ... because it’s a very important step towards providing people protection and assurance that medical care — you can be taken care of.”

He added: “It will cover every Singaporean — old ones, young ones, those newly born, even those who are now outside the MediShield network, we will bring them back in. You may be elderly, you may have dropped out, you may have pre-existing illnesses, we will bring you back in. It may cost you a bit more, but it can be done.

“There will be no more opting out from MediShield.”

Changes to the MediShield scheme because premiums had become too high was one of the recommendations the Government Parliamentary Committee for Health had made in a paper it submitted last week. The scheme had undergone tweaks just earlier this year, including coverage being extended to up to age 90, instead of 85, as well as for in-patient congenital and neonatal conditions but premiums also increased in tandem. Those aged above 65, for example, had to pay up to S$21 more per month, although the Government also disbursed a one-off S$400 Medisave top-up.

Mr Lee said that “because benefits and coverage are better, MediShield Life premiums will be higher” because the scheme “has to break even” but gave the assurance that those who cannot afford the increases will be subsidised.

On how higher premiums can be managed, the idea of having younger Singaporeans pay more to “subsidise” the elderly again came up.

Said Dr Loke Wai Chiong, who is Director of Global Healthcare Practice at KPMG, an audit and advisory services firm: “One way is that the young should pay more, then pay less when they are older. Take the chance that those who can bear the greatest increases should be the young.”

Professor Phua Kai Hong of the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy added that a flat premium structure was unlikely as young people would not be incentivised to take care of their health. He also suggested that the “younger elderly could cross-subsidise the older elderly” through a flat premium structure for those above age 65.

Healthcare financing experts also cautioned that this may lead to over-consumption of healthcare services or doctors to hawk unnecessary, expensive treatments. They also called for clear rules and guidelines for claims to be set.

Prof Phua said: “The hazard is when doctors induce demand, especially in the private sector. There’s going to be a lot of lobbying to have everything covered in private care. It is important to make sure we don’t induce further consumption.”

Dr Loke added that insurers had a role to play in curbing rising healthcare costs by not reimbursing claims in an uncontrolled manner.

People still worry about big hospital bills should they fall seriously ill — especially those who are over 90 or find it harder and more expensive to get insured because they are elderly or have pre-existing illnesses — although there were ‘very few’ such cases in reality, said Mr Lee. TODAY file photo

More help for less well-off to buy bigger flats

authors:sumita-do-sreedharan
SINGAPORE — Low- and middle-income households who wish to purchase a bigger flat will be given more support, in various moves aimed at making Housing and Development Board (HDB) flats even more affordable, especially for the less well-off.

Families who opt for two-room flats and wish to upgrade to a three-room flat later on in life, can qualify for a new Step-Up Housing Grant, which will help them defray some of the upgrading cost.

The Special CPF Housing Grant, which was introduced in 2011, will be extended to those who wish to purchase four-room flats. Currently, it is only open to those who purchase two- or three-room flats. The income ceiling will also be raised so that more middle-income households will be eligible. A middle-income household stands to get subsidies of up to S$20,000 more if they purchase a four-room flat.

Currently, households who earn up to S$5,000 can receive an Additional CPF Housing Grant of up to S$40,000, while households whose income does not exceed S$2,250 can receive a Special CPF Housing Grant of up to S$20,000.

Details of the changes are expected to be made known soon. Announcing these moves during the National Day Rally, Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong acknowledged Singaporeans’ worries over rising property prices, even though he said the Government has “moved decisively” in the last two years to help more Singaporeans own their homes.

These included building a record number of new flats and de-linking new flat prices from resale market prices, which has stabilised Build-To-Order (BTO) flat prices.

A recent survey conducted by the Institute of Policy Studies as part of the Our Singapore Conversation (OSC) project showed that public housing is the top concern for Singaporeans earning less than S$5,000 a month. The affordability of public housing was also one of the top issues that emerged from the hundreds of OSC sessions held over the past year.

Instead of bringing down the prices of BTO flats, which will hurt all home owners, the Prime Minister said more help will be given to households to own a home.

Mr Lee also gave this assurance: Every Singaporean family who is working will be able to afford a home. This would mean that a family earning S$1,000 per month should be able to afford a two-room HDB flat, while one who earned S$2,000 a month should be able to afford a three-room flat and a family with an income of S$4,000 a month should be able to afford a four-room flat, he added.

“And that is completely possible. When I say afford, I mean use your CPF (Central Provident Fund) mostly and have a 25-year loan, not a 30-year loan, and in your later years, the income can be used to beef up your retirement savings,” he added.

To prove his point that the typical three-and four-room flats at Fernvale Riverwalk are within the reach of home buyers, Mr Lee quipped to his audience that he would be their housing agent, as he broke down the cash outlay needed for each purchase (see graphic). In the case of a three-room flat, a family with a household income of S$2,000 would not have to fork out any cash as his monthly payment would be less than the contributions to the CPF Ordinary Account.

Mr Lee said the Government will monitor housing affordability closely. “This is not the end of the story — we will monitor closely how well people can afford housing in Singapore, and over time, as it becomes necessary, we will do more to help the lower- and middle-income Singaporeans own their homes.

“We will always make sure that an HDB flat is always within reach — affordable and available to Singaporeans. Don’t worry, go ahead, plan on it, get married, get your flat!”
Ref:todaynews

Installing MacPorts!

MacPorts version 2.2.0 is available in various formats for download and installation (note, if you are upgrading your Mac OS X to a new major release, see the migration info page):

• “pkg” installers for Mountain Lion, Lion and Snow Leopard, for use with the Mac OS X Installer. This is the simplest installation procedure that most users should follow after meeting the requirements listed below. Installers for legacy platforms Leopard and Tiger are also available.
• In source form as either a tar.bz2 package or a tar.gz one for manual compilation, if you intend to customize your installation in any way.
• SVN checkout of the unpackaged sources, if you wish to follow MacPorts development.
• The selfupdate target of the port(1) command, for users who already have MacPorts installed and wish to upgrade to a newer release.

Checksums for our packaged downloads are contained in the corresponding checksums file.

Please note that in order to install and run MacPorts on Mac OS X, your system must have installations of the following components:

1. Apple's Xcode Developer Tools (version 4.4 or later for Mountain Lion, 4.1 or later for Lion, 3.2 or later for Snow Leopard, or 3.1 or later for Leopard), found at the Apple Developer site, on your Mac OS X installation CDs/DVD, or in the Mac App Store. Using the latest available version that will run on your OS is highly recommended.
2. Apple's Command Line Developer Tools are found at the Apple Developer site, or they can be installed from within Xcode 4. Users of Xcode 3 or earlier can install this by ensuring that the appropriate option(s) are selected at the time of Xcode's install ("UNIX Development", "System Tools", "Command Line Tools", or "Command Line Support").
3. Xcode 4 and later users need to first accept the Xcode EULA by either launching Xcode or running:

   xcodebuild -license

4. (Optional) The X11 windowing environment for ports that depend on the functionality it provides to run. You have multiple choices for an X11 server:
   • Apple's X11.app is provided by the “X11 User” package (an optional installation on your system CDs/DVD for older OS Versions and provided unconditionally on Lion).
   • Install the xorg-server port from MacPorts.
   • The XQuartz Project provides a complete X11 release for OS X including server and client libraries and applications.

Mac OS X Package (.pkg) Installer

The easiest way to install MacPorts on a Mac OS X system is by downloading the dmg for Mountain Lion, Lion, Snow Leopard, Leopard or Tiger and running the system's Installer by double-clicking on the pkg contained therein, following the on-screen instructions until completion.
This procedure will place a fully-functional and default MacPorts installation on your host system, ready for usage. If needed your shell configuration files will be adapted by the installer to include the necessary settings to run MacPorts and the programs it installs, but you may need to open a new shell for these changes to take effect.
The MacPorts “selfupdate” command will also be run for you by the installer to ensure you have our latest available release and the latest revisions to the “Portfiles” that contain the instructions employed in the building and installation of ports. After installation is done, it is recommended that you run this step manually on a regular basis to to keep your MacPorts system always current:

sudo port -v selfupdate

At this point you should be ready to enjoy MacPorts!
Type “man port” at the command line prompt and/or browse over to our Guide to find out more information about using MacPorts. Help is also available.

Source Installation

If on the other hand you decide to install MacPorts from source, there are still a couple of things you will need to do after downloading the tarball before you can start installing ports, namely compiling and installing MacPorts itself:

1. “cd” into the directory where you downloaded the package and run “tar xjvf MacPorts-2.2.0.tar.bz2” or “tar xzvf MacPorts-2.2.0.tar.gz”, depending on whether you downloaded the bz2 tarball or the gz one, respectively.
2. Build and install the recently unpacked sources:
   • cd MacPorts-2.2.0
   • ./configure && make && sudo make install
   Optionally:
   • cd ../
   • rm -rf MacPorts-2.2.0*

These steps need to be perfomed from an administrator account, for which “sudo” will ask the password upon installation. This procedure will install a pristine MacPorts system and, if the optional steps are taken, remove the as of now unnecessary MacPorts-2.2.0 source directory and corresponding tarball.
To customize your installation you should read the output of “./configure --help | more” and pass the appropriate options for the settings you wish to tweak to the configuration script in the steps detailed above.
You will need to manually adapt your shell's environment to work with MacPorts and your chosen installation prefix (the value passed to configure's --prefix flag, defaulting to /opt/local):

• Add ${prefix}/bin and ${prefix}/sbin to the start of your PATH environment variable so that MacPorts-installed programs take precedence over system-provided programs of the same name.
• If a standard MANPATH environment variable already exists (that is, one that doesn't contain any empty components), add the ${prefix}/share/man path to it so that MacPorts-installed man pages are found by your shell.
• For Tiger and earlier only, add an appropriate X11 DISPLAY environment variable to run X11-dependent programs, as Leopard takes care of this requirement on its own.

Lastly, you need to synchronize your installation with the MacPorts rsync server:

sudo port -v selfupdate

Upon completion MacPorts will be ready to install ports!
It is recommended to run the above command on a regular basis to keep your installation current. Type “man port” at the command line prompt and/or browse over to our Guide to find out more information about using MacPorts. Help is also available.

SVN Sources

If you are developer or a user with a taste for the bleeding edge and wish for the latest changes and feature additions, you may acquire the MacPorts sources through subversion. See the Guide section on installing from subversion.
Purpose-specific branches are also available at the http://svn.macports.org/repository/macports/branches url.
Alternatively, if you'd simply like to view the SVN repository without checking it out, you can do so via the Trac source browser.

Selfupdate

If you already have MacPorts installed and have no restrictions to use the rsync networking protocol (tcp port 873 by default), the easiest way to upgrade to our latest available release, 2.2.0, is by using the selfupdate target of the port(1) command. This will both update your ports tree (by performing a sync operation) and rebuild your current installation if it's outdated, preserving your customizations, if any.

Other Platforms

Running on platforms other than Mac OS X is not the main focus of The MacPorts Project, so remaining cross-platform is not an actively-pursued development goal. Nevertheless, it is not an actively-discouraged goal either and as a result some experimental support does exist for other POSIX-compliant platforms such as *BSD and GNU/Linux.
The full list of requirements to run MacPorts on these other platforms is as follows (we assume you have the basics such as GCC and X11):

• Tcl (8.4 or 8.5), with threads.
• mtree for directory hierarchy.
• rsync for syncing the ports.
• cURL for downloading distfiles.
• SQLite for the port registry.
• GNUstep (Base), for Foundation (optional, can be disabled via configure args).
• OpenSSL for signature verification, and optionally for checksums. libmd may be used instead for checksums.

Normally you must install from source or from an SVN checkout to run MacPorts on any of these platforms. Experimental packaging is available for the FreeBSD (.tbz package), Fedora (.rpm package) and Ubuntu (.deb package) operating systems.



http://www.macports.org/install.php


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